Scientific News

Articles across mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and astronomy.

• 

  Science

  Dipole

  In physics, a dipole (from Ancient Greek δίς (dís) 'twice' and πόλος (pólos) 'axis') is an electromagnetic phenomenon which occurs in two ways: An electric dipole formed by the separation of the positive and negative electric charges (typically in atomic and molecular systems). A magnetic dipole represents a sufficiently small magnet such as those due to atoms, molecules, and electrons. The str

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Fault (geology)

  In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass movements. Large faults within Earth's crust result from the action of plate tectonic forces, with the largest forming the boundaries between the plates, such as the megathrust faults of subduction zones or transform faults. Energy release asso

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dirac adjoint

  In quantum field theory, the Dirac adjoint defines the dual operation of a Dirac spinor. The Dirac adjoint is motivated by the need to form well-behaved, measurable quantities out of Dirac spinors, replacing the usual role of the Hermitian adjoint. Possibly to avoid confusion with the usual Hermitian adjoint, some textbooks do not provide a name for the Dirac adjoint but simply call it "ψ-bar".

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dirac large numbers hypothesis

  The Dirac large numbers hypothesis (LNH) is an observation made by Paul Dirac in 1937 relating ratios of size scales in the Universe to that of force scales. The ratios constitute very large, dimensionless numbers: some 40 orders of magnitude in the present cosmological epoch. According to Dirac's hypothesis, the apparent similarity of these ratios might not be a mere coincidence but instead could

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dioptra

  A dioptra (sometimes also named dioptre or diopter, from Greek: διόπτρα) is a classical astronomical and surveying instrument, dating from the 3rd century BC. The dioptra was a sighting tube or, alternatively, a rod with a sight at both ends, attached to a stand. If fitted with protractors, it could be used to measure angles.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Diploma in Computer Science

  The Diploma in Computer Science is a diploma offered by several post-secondary institutions: Cambridge Diploma in Computer Science – this University of Cambridge course was the world's first computer science course, first offered in 1953 University of Kent in Canterbury University of British Columbia The diploma is also provided in various other universities all around the world.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dioxin

  Dioxin may refer to a number of different substances. Most notably: 1,2-Dioxin or 1,4-dioxin, two unsaturated heterocyclic 6-membered rings in which two carbon atoms have been replaced by oxygen atoms, which gives the molecular formula C4H4O2. 1,2-dioxin is an unstable organic peroxide. Dibenzo-1,4-dioxin, also known as dibenzodioxin or dibenzo-p-dioxin (molecular formula C12H8O2), in which two b

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dioxetane

  A dioxetane or dioxacyclobutane is an organic compound with formula C2O2H4, whose backbone is a four-membered ring of two oxygen atoms and two carbon atoms. There are two isomers: 1,2-dioxetane where the oxygen atoms are adjacent. 1,3-dioxetane where the oxygen and carbon atoms alternate.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dipolar compound

  In organic chemistry, a dipolar compound or simply dipole is an electrically neutral molecule carrying a positive and a negative charge in at least one canonical description. In most dipolar compounds the charges are delocalized. Unlike salts, dipolar compounds have charges on separate atoms, not on positive and negative ions that make up the compound. Dipolar compounds exhibit a dipole moment. Di

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Diphenylpropylamine

  Diphenylpropylamine is a propylamine derivative and may refer to: 2,2-Diphenylpropylamine 2,3-Diphenylpropylamine 3,3-Diphenylpropylamine

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Diphenylethylene

  Diphenylethylene or Diphenylethene may refer to: 1,1-Diphenylethylene 1,2-Diphenylethylene, or Stilbene (E)-Stilbene (trans-isomer) (Z)-Stilbene (cis-isomer)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dipole glass

  A dipole glass is an analog of a glass where the dipoles are frozen below a given freezing temperature Tf introducing randomness thus resulting in a lack of long-range ferroelectric order. A dipole glass is very similar to the concept of a spin glass where the atomic spins don't all align in the same direction (like in a ferromagnetic material) and thus result in a net-zero magnetization. The rand

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dimension

  In physics and mathematics, the dimension of a mathematical space (or object) is informally defined as the minimum number of coordinates needed to specify any point within it. Thus, a line has a dimension of one (1D) because only one coordinate is needed to specify a point on it – for example, the point at 5 on a number line. A surface, such as the boundary of a cylinder or sphere, has a dimension

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylbutene

  Dimethylbutene is an alkene with a molecular formula C6H12. It has the following possible structural isomers: 2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Digital business card

  A digital business card is an electronic version of the traditional paper business card. It is essentially a digital profile that contains contact information and other relevant details. These cards can be shared electronically, often through QR codes, links, or NFC tags.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxybenzenes

  In organic chemistry, dihydroxybenzenes (benzenediols) are organic compounds in which two hydroxyl groups (−OH) are substituted onto a benzene ring (C6H6). These aromatic compounds are classed as phenols. There are three structural isomers: 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (the ortho isomer) is commonly known as catechol, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (the meta isomer) is commonly known as resorcinol, and 1,4-dihydr

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dihydroxybenzoic acid

  Dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBA) are a type of phenolic acids. There are six main compounds, having all the same molecular formula C7H6O4. Those are: 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (2-Pyrocatechuic acid or hypogallic acid) 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (β-Resorcylic acid) 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Gentisic acid) 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (γ-Resorcylic acid) 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Protocatechuic acid) 3,

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dihydrothiepine

  Dihydrothiepine may refer to several isomeric chemical compounds: 2,3-Dihydrothiepine 2,5-Dihydrothiepine 2,7-Dihydrothiepine 4,5-Dihydrothiepine

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dihydrothiophene

  Dihydrothiophenes are heterocyclic organosulfur compounds. Two isomers are possible for the parent C4H6S: 2,3-Dihydrothiophene, a vinyl thioether. CAS RN = 1120-59-8. 2,5-Dihydrothiophene, an allylic thioether. A well-known derivative is 2,5-dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide. CAS RN = 1708-32-3. Depending on the substituents, some dihydrothiophenes are called 4,5-dihydrothiophenes.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroprogesterone

  Dihydroprogesterone may refer to: 5α-Dihydroprogesterone 5β-Dihydroprogesterone 20α-Dihydroprogesterone (20α-hydroxyprogesterone) 20β-Dihydroprogesterone (20β-hydroxyprogesterone) 3α-Dihydroprogesterone 3β-Dihydroprogesterone 17α,21-Dihydroprogesterone (11-deoxycortisol) 11β,21-Dihydroprogesterone (corticosterone)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxycinnamic acid

  Dihydroxycinnamic acid may refer to several molecules with the molecular formula C9H8O4 including: Caffeic acid (3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid), a hydroxycinammic acid Umbellic acid (2,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid), a hydroxycinammic acid 2,3-Dihydroxycinnamic acid, a hydroxycinammic acid 2,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid, a hydroxycinammic acid 3,5-Dihydroxycinnamic acid, a hydroxycinammic acid

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxyamphetamine

  Dihydroxyamphetamine may refer to: meta-Hydroxynorephedrine (3,β-dihydroxyamphetamine) para-Hydroxynorephedrine (4,β-dihydroxyamphetamine) Metaraminol ((1R,2S)-3,β-dihydroxyamphetamine) α-Methyldopamine (3,4-dihydroxyamphetamine) N,N-Dihydroxyamphetamine

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydrosphingosine

  Dihydrosphingosine may refer to one of two isomeric chemical compounds: Safingol (threo-dihydrosphingosine) Sphinganine (erythro-dihydrosphingosine)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Digital autopsy

  A Virtual Autopsy is a non-invasive autopsy in which digital imaging technology, such as with computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, is used to develop three-dimensional images for a virtual exploration of a human body. Virtual Autopsy, simply, means conducting autopsy in computerized environment by digital tools. The first step of digitizing starts with the medica

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Digital inclusion

  Digital inclusion involves the activities necessary to ensure equitable access to and use of information and communications technologies for participation in social and economic life including for education, social services, health, social, and community participation. Digital inclusion includes access to affordable broadband Internet services, Internet-enabled devices, access to digital literacy

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

  Dihydroxybenzaldehyde may refer to: 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (gentisaldehyde)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Digital download class-action settlements

  The digital download class-action settlements were a series of legal settlements by the world's three major record companies, between 2012 and 2015, which The Hollywood Reporter called an "important chapter in the legal history of the music business."

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimension of an algebraic variety

  In mathematics and specifically in algebraic geometry, the dimension of an algebraic variety may be defined in various equivalent ways. Some of these definitions are of geometric nature, while some others are purely algebraic and rely on commutative algebra. Some are restricted to algebraic varieties while others apply also to any algebraic set. Some are intrinsic, as independent of any embedding

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dimethoxybenzene

  In organic chemistry, dimethoxybenzene is an organic compound which is derived from benzene (C6H6) by substituting two methoxy groups (−OCH3). Dimethoxybenzene comes in three structural isomers: 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene (Veratrole) 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene All isomers share the molecular weight 138.17 g/mol and the chemical formula C8H10O2.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxyphenylalanine

  Dihydroxyphenylalanine may refer to either of two chemical compounds: D-DOPA (R), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine L-DOPA (S), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, a precursor of a neurotransmitter

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethoxyamphetamine

  Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA) may refer to the following: 3,4-Dimethoxyamphetamine (3,4-DMA; DMA-1; DMA) 2,3-Dimethoxyamphetamine (2,3-DMA; DMA-2) 2,4-Dimethoxyamphetamine (2,4-DMA; DMA-3) 2,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA; DMA-4; DOH) 2,6-Dimethoxyamphetamine (2,6-DMA; DMA-5) 3,5-Dimethoxyamphetamine (3,5-DMA; DMA-6)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethoxymethylenedioxyamphetamine

  Dimethoxymethylenedioxyamphetamine (DMMDA) may refer to: 2,5-Dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (DMMDA or DMMDA-1; 2,5-dimethoxy-MDA) 2,5-Dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (DMMDMA or Methyl-DMMDA; 2,5-dimethoxy-MDMA) 2,3-Dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (DMMDMA-2; 2,3-dimethoxy-MDMA) 2,3-Dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine (DMMDA-2; 5,6-dimethoxy-MDA) 4,5-Dimethoxy-2

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxystilbene

  Dihydroxystilbene may refer to: 3,4′-Dihydroxystilbene, a stilbenoid found in the roots of Hydrangea macrophylla Pinosylvin (3,5-dihydroxystilbene), a pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin Stilbestrol (4,4'-dihydroxystilbene), a stilbenoid and parent of diethylstilbestrol (DES)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethoxybenzaldehyde

  Dimethoxybenzaldehyde may refer to: 2,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMBA) 2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde Veratraldehyde (3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxynaphthalene

  Dihydroxynaphthalene can refer to any of the following ten isomers: 1,2-Dihydroxynaphthalene 1,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene 1,4-Dihydroxynaphthalene 1,5-Dihydroxynaphthalene 1,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene 1,7-Dihydroxynaphthalene 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthalene 2,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene 2,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene 2,7-Dihydroxynaphthalene

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethoxyphenethylamine

  Dimethoxyphenethylamine may refer to: 2,3-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (2,3-DMPEA; DMPEA-2) 2,4-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (2,4-DMPEA; DMPEA-3) 2,5-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-H; 2,5-DMPEA; DMPEA-4) 2,6-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (2,6-DMPEA; DMPEA-5) 3,4-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (3,4-DMPEA; DMPEA; DMPEA-1) 3,5-Dimethoxyphenethylamine (3,5-DMPEA; DMPEA-6)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dilip Kondepudi

  Dilip Kumar Kondepudi (born 1952) is an Indian scientist and professor of physical chemistry at the Wake Forest University, known for his work on chiral biomolecules.

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Diiodide

  Diiodide may refer to: Titanium diiodide, TiI2 Vanadium diiodide, VI2 Chromium diiodide, CrI2 Iron diiodide, FeI2 Cobalt diiodide, CoI2 Nickel diiodide, NiI2 Germanium diiodide, GeI2 Molybdenum diiodide, MoI2 Palladium diiodide, PdI2 Tin diiodide, SnI2 Lanthanum diiodide, LaI2 Cerium diiodide, CeI2 Praseodymium diiodide, PrI2 Neodymium diiodide, NdI2 Samarium diiodide, SmI2 Europium diiodide, EuI

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dihydroxytryptamine

  Dihydroxytryptamine (DHT) may refer to: 4,5-Dihydroxytryptamine (4,5-DHT) 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) 6,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (6,7-DHT)

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dining philosophers problem

  In computer science, the dining philosophers problem is an example problem often used in concurrent algorithm design to illustrate synchronization issues and techniques for resolving them. It was originally formulated in 1965 by Edsger Dijkstra as a student exam exercise, presented in terms of computers competing for access to tape drive peripherals. Soon after, Tony Hoare gave the problem its pre

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dinitrogen oxide

  Dinitrogen oxide can potentially refer to any of at least four compounds: Dinitrogen monoxide (nitrous oxide), N2O Dinitrogen dioxide, N2O2, an unstable dimer of nitric oxide Dinitrogen trioxide, N2O3 Dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4 Dinitrogen pentoxide, N2O5

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylhydrazine

  Dimethylhydrazine is the name of two compounds with the molecular formula C2H8N2. These are: unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,1-dimethylhydrazine), with both methyl groups bonded to the same nitrogen atom symmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,2-dimethylhydrazine), with one methyl group bonded to each of the two nitrogen atoms

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylmescaline

  Dimethylmescaline is a derivative of mescaline that may refer to: Trichocereine (N,N-dimethylmescaline) Methyl-TMA (α,N-dimethylmescaline) 2,6-Dimethylmescaline (DMe-M) Asymbescaline (M-3,4-DiEtO) Symbescaline (M-3,5-DiEtO)

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dinitrophenol

  Dinitrophenols are chemical compounds which are nitro derivatives of phenol. There are six isomers of dinitrophenol: 2,3-Dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol 2,5-Dinitrophenol 2,6-Dinitrophenol 3,4-Dinitrophenol 3,5-Dinitrophenol Dinitrophenols also form the core structure of some herbicides, which are collectively referred to as dinitrophenol herbicides, including: Dinofenate Dinoprop Dinosam Dinose

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylxanthine

  Dimethylxanthine may refer to the following xanthine derivatives with the formula C7H8N4O2 (molar mass: 180.16 g/mol): Theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) Paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine) Theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylhexane

  Dimethylhexane may refer to any of six constitutional isomers of octane, all of which have the molecular formula C8H18: 2,2-Dimethylhexane 2,3-Dimethylhexane 2,4-Dimethylhexane 2,5-Dimethylhexane 3,3-Dimethylhexane 3,4-Dimethylhexane

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylserotonin

  Dimethylserotonin (DMS) may refer to: Bufotenin (N,N-dimethylserotonin) 5-MeO-AMT (α,O-dimethylserotonin) 5-MeO-NMT (O,N-dimethylserotonin)

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dinitrotoluene

  Dinitrotoluenes could refer to one of the following compounds: 2,3-Dinitrotoluene 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 2,5-Dinitrotoluene 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 3,4-Dinitrotoluene 3,5-Dinitrotoluene

  8/24/2026

• Science

  Dimethylcathinone

  Dimethylcathinone may refer to: Metamfepramone (dimethylpropion; N,N-dimethylcathinone) α-Methylmethcathinone (βk-mephentermine; α,N-dimethylcathinone)

  8/24/2026

• 

  Science

  Dimethylphenethylamine

  Dimethylphenethylamine may refer to: α,α-Dimethylphenethylamine (phentermine) N,α-Dimethylphenethylamine (methamphetamine) N,β-Dimethylphenethylamine (phenpromethamine) 2,α-Dimethylphenethylamine (ortetamine) 3,α-Dimethylphenethylamine (3-methylamphetamine) 3,4-Dimethylphenethylamine (DMePEA) 4,α-Dimethylphenethylamine (4-methylamphetamine) N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine α,β-Dimethylphenethylamine (2

  8/24/2026