physics

Świnoujście LNG terminal

Świnoujście LNG terminal is a physics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Świnoujście LNG terminal rather than just read about it. In short: The Świnoujście LNG terminal (also referred as Terminal LNG in Świnoujście, Polskie LNG Baltic LNG, or gazoport) is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) import terminal at Świnoujście, in the extreme north-west of Poland near the Polish-German border. The LNG terminal was operated by Polskie LNG S.A.

Key takeaways

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Reference excerpt

The Świnoujście LNG terminal (also referred as Terminal LNG in Świnoujście, Polskie LNG Baltic LNG, or gazoport) is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) import terminal at Świnoujście, in the extreme north-west of Poland near the Polish-German border. The LNG terminal was operated by Polskie LNG S.A. (a subsidiary of Gaz-System), then by Gaz-System since 2022. The cornerstone for construction was laid on 23 March 2011 and it took its first LNG delivery on 11 December 2015. The terminal's regasification capacity is 5 billion cubic metres per annum (180 billion cubic feet per annum). The terminal is currently being expanded and once the expansion is complete in 2023, it will have a capacity of 7.5 billion cubic metres per annum (260 billion cubic feet per annum) and be able to satisfy about half of Poland's annual natural gas demand. Together with the 10 bcm of natural gas that Poland will (starting in 2023) receive annually from Norway via the Baltic Pipe natural gas pipeline, the Świnoujście LNG terminal will allow Poland to achieve its long-term goal of becoming fully independent of Russian natural gas, which had previously been the source of almost all of the country's natural gas.

History

Discussions about the project started in 2006. The project was originally developed by PGNiG through its subsidiary Polskie LNG S.A. In January 2008, SNC-Lavalin was chosen for the front-end engineering design. The engineering, procurement and construction contract was signed with a consortium of Saipem, Techint, Snamprogetti, and PBG. Construction started in March 2011. The first LNG delivery to the terminal was expected on 11 December 2015. After creation of Gaz-System and its separation from PGNiG, the newly created company took over the ownership of Polskie LNG S.A. The terminal was inaugurated by prime minister Ewa Kopacz on 12 October 2015. The gas carrier has delivered the first order on 11 December 2015. The total cost of the terminal is €950 million (PLN 3.638 billion), including PLN 888 million in grants, subsidies, and loans from the European Union.

Technical description

The terminal has unloading jetty for large LNG tankers, two storage tanks and regasification train. The terminal's initial regasification capacity is 5 billion cubic metres per annum (180 billion cubic feet per annum), and this is expected to reach 7.5 billion cubic metres per annum (260 billion cubic feet per annum) in 2023 once its expansion is complete.

Expansion

In June 2020, Polskie LNG and the Szczecin and Świnoujście Seaports Authority signed agreements with the consortium of PORR SA and TGE Gas Engineering GmbH for the expansion of the LNG terminal. The construction of the third tank will increase the terminal's capacity from 5 billion cubic metres per annum (180 billion cubic feet per annum) to 7.5 billion cubic metres per annum (260 billion cubic feet per annum), satisfying approximately 50% of Poland's annual gas demand. The agreements concern the expansion of the land and sea parts of the terminal. Polskie LNG will be responsible, inter alia, for the construction of a new LNG tank with a capacity of approximately 180 thousand cubic metres (6.4 million cubic feet) and construction of the technological part of the new ship berth for unloading, loading and bunkering LNG. Upon completion of the works, the nominal regasification capacity of the terminal will increase to 7.5 billion cubic metres per annum (260 billion cubic feet per annum). The construction of the third tank is expected to be completed by 2023 and will cost approximately PLN 1.9 billion. There is a plan to create a gas corridor from the Świnoujście terminal to Adria LNG terminal in Croatia,. A pipeline between Poland and Slovakia was opened in 2022.

See also 2022 Russia–European Union gas dispute – Fossil fuel financing-related conflicts Baltic Pipe – Natural gas pipeline from Europipe II to Poland Energy in Poland Gas Interconnection Poland–Lithuania – Natural gas pipeline Klaipėda LNG terminal – LNG terminal in Lithuania List of LNG terminals

References

External links Media related to LNG terminal in Świnoujście at Wikimedia Commons Polskie LNG S.A.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Świnoujście LNG terminal

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Świnoujście LNG terminal claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In physics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Świnoujście LNG terminal before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Świnoujście LNG terminal ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Świnoujście LNG terminal

In research: Świnoujście LNG terminal appears in physics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Świnoujście LNG terminal in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Świnoujście LNG terminal is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Buildings and structures in Świnoujście, Energy in Poland, Energy infrastructure in Poland, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Świnoujście LNG terminal outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

What is Świnoujście LNG terminal in simple terms?

Why does Świnoujście LNG terminal matter?

Because it connects several physics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Świnoujście LNG terminal?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Świnoujście LNG terminal.