2-Phosphoglyceric acid (2PG), or 2-phosphoglycerate, is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in the ninth step of glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the penultimate step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate. 2-phosphoglyceric acid is an intermediate that is part of the glycolysis pathway, and it is converted into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) by an enolase. There are three types of enolase enzymes that are able to catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglyceric acid into PEP, which are alpha-enolase, beta-enolase, and gamma-enolase. Studies have found that Alpha-enolase is the most common enolase, so it is often the specific enolase used to convert 2-phosphoglyceric acid into PEP. Alpha-enolase catalyzes this conversion process by acting as a Hydrolase, which means that alpha-enolase removes a water molecule from the 2-phosphoglyceric acid in order to form PEP.
In glycolysis
Compound C00197 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 5.4.2.1 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00631 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 4.2.1.11 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00074 at KEGG Pathway Database. Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.
See also 3-Phosphoglyceric acid
References