Elektronika VM-12 was the first Soviet VHS-compatible videocassette recorder. It was able to record SECAM-IIIB D/K (OIRT), PAL and black-and-white video on a 12,65-mm wide magnetic tape. Elektronika VM-12 was 480х367х136 mm in size and weighted 10 kg. PAL SP - 2,339±0,5% The device was developed on the basis of the Panasonic NV-2000 video cassette recorder manufactured in Japan starting 1981. The equipment for the production of some parts and units was purchased in Japan as well. The VM-12 was produced since 1984 until about 1995.
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