astronomy

George G. Robertson

George G. Robertson is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand George G. Robertson rather than just read about it. In short: George G. Robertson is an American information visualization expert and senior researcher, Visualization and Interaction (VIBE) Research Group, Microsoft Research.

Key takeaways

George G. Robertson belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect George G. Robertson to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of George G. Robertson from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

George G. Robertson is an American information visualization expert and senior researcher, Visualization and Interaction (VIBE) Research Group, Microsoft Research. With Stuart K. Card, Jock D. Mackinlay and others he invented a number of Information Visualization techniques.

Biography Robertson has worked as a faculty member of the Computer Science Department at Carnegie-Mellon University, a senior scientist at Thinking Machines, and a senior scientist at Bolt Beranek and Newman. Before his current position at Microsoft he was principal scientist at Xerox PARC. Since 1996 he is a principal researcher in the Visualization and Interaction group at Microsoft Research. He is an ACM Fellow and manages a project on 3D User Interfaces and Information Visualization. He is associate editor of the Journal of Information Visualization. Robertson's research interests are "user interfaces, 3D interactive animation, 3D graphics, information visualization, intelligent information access, multimedia, and hypermedia", see also: Connection Machine and Gender HCI

Publications Articles, a selection:

1972. "XCRIBL - A Hardcopy Scan Line Graphics System for Document Generation". With Raj Reddy, W. Broadley, Lee D. Erman, R. Johnsson, J. Newcomer, and J. Wright. In: Inf. Process. Lett. 1(6): 246-251. 1978. "An Extensible File System for Hydra". With Guy T. Almes. In: ICSE 1978: 288-294. 1981. "Accent: A Communication Oriented Network Operating System Kernel". With: Richard F. Rashid, in: SOSP 1981: 64-75. 1987. "Parallel Implementation of Genetic Algorithms in a Classifier Rystem". in: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, July 1987: 140-147. 1988. "Population Size in classifier Systems". in: ML 1988: 142-152. 1989. "The cognitive coprocessor architecture for interactive user interfaces". With S. K. Card, and J. D. Mackinlay. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, pages 10–18. ACM Press, Nov 1989. 1991. "Cone Trees: Animated 3D Visualizations of Hierarchical Information". With Jock D. Mackinlay and Stuart K. Card. In: Robertson, Scott P., Olson, Gary M. and Olson, Judith S. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 91 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 28 - June 5, 1991, New Orleans, Louisiana. pp. 189–194. 1993. "Information Visualization Using 3D Interactive Animation". With Stuart K. Card, and Jock D. Mackinlay. In: Communications of the ACM, 36(4), April 1993. pp. 57–71. 1993. "The document lens". With J. D. Mackinlay. In: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. ACM Press, Nov 1993.

References

External links George G. Robertson Homepage at Microsoft research. List of publications Archived 2008-06-18 at the Wayback Machine at www.informatik.uni-trier.de.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with George G. Robertson

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what George G. Robertson claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to George G. Robertson before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about George G. Robertson ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of George G. Robertson

In research: George G. Robertson appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses George G. Robertson in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: George G. Robertson is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Carnegie Mellon University alumni, Data and information visualization experts, Human–computer interaction researchers, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for George G. Robertson outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study George G. Robertson in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what George G. Robertson means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain George G. Robertson out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is George G. Robertson in simple terms?

George G. Robertson is an American information visualization expert and senior researcher, Visualization and Interaction (VIBE) Research Group, Microsoft Research.

Why does George G. Robertson matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study George G. Robertson?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on George G. Robertson.