engineering

Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice

Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice rather than just read about it. In short: The Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice is a war memorial in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. It is located west of North Front Cemetery, at the junction of Winston Churchill Avenue and Devil's Tower Road.

Key takeaways

Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice is a war memorial in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. It is located west of North Front Cemetery, at the junction of Winston Churchill Avenue and Devil's Tower Road. The Cross of Sacrifice was designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield in 1917, and his monument is found in numerous Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries. The cross in Gibraltar was erected by the Royal Engineers for the commission, and unveiled on Armistice Day 1922. The British Pathé film recorded at the dedication ceremony that day represents the first motion picture made in Gibraltar. The Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice served as the focus of Remembrance Sunday ceremonies in Gibraltar until 2009, at which time the location was changed to the Gibraltar War Memorial.

Location and design

The Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice is a monument in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula. The memorial was originally located within North Front Cemetery. Rebuilt and relocated after World War II, it is currently positioned, along with the Gibraltar Memorial, in northern Gibraltar, in a fenced area west of the North Front Cemetery. The monuments are at the northeast corner of Winston Churchill Avenue and Devil's Tower Road, adjacent to the sundial roundabout. Both of the war memorials are connected by paths to a central inscribed panel. The Imperial War Graves Commission (later the Commonwealth War Graves Commission) was established during the First World War to discover, identify, and inter with military honours the remains of British Empire military personnel who died during war. During the First World War, prominent architects were requested by the then Imperial War Graves Commission to submit designs for monuments to be erected in numerous cemeteries. The Cross of Sacrifice, designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield in 1917, was chosen by the commission. The selection of Blomfield's design was made in part "to emphasize the military character of the cemetery." The monument is found in Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries with fifty or more interments. The cross is usually sculpted in granite, sandstone, or limestone. A bronze sword, described by Rudyard Kipling as "a stark sword brooding on the bosom of the cross," is mounted on the front of the monument, directed downward; together with a crosspiece, it forms another cross. A tall monument, the Cross of Sacrifice measures from 4.5 to 9 metres (15 to 30 ft) in height, and usually is positioned on an octagonal base.

Construction and inauguration The Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice was constructed of Cornish granite, and erected by the Royal Engineers for the Imperial War Graves Commission after the First World War. The memorial was unveiled on Armistice Day 1922 by the Governor of Gibraltar, General Sir Horace Lockwood Smith-Dorrien. The ceremony dedicating the Cross of Sacrifice in 1922 was filmed by British Pathé. The title indicates: "In the Shadow of 'The Rock' – Navy and Army mute at impressive ceremony at dedication of Gibraltar's War Memorial." However, the intertitle reveals that: "These pictures are unique in being the first cinema pictures ever taken on the 'Rock of Gibraltar'." Therefore, the brief motion picture obtained at the dedication ceremony of the Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice in 1922 represented the first film ever made in Gibraltar.

At the octagonal base of the monument, the dates "1914 – 1918" and "1939 – 1945" are noted. There is the further inscription: "In Glorious Memory Of Those Who Died For The Empire." A plaque in the fenced enclosure is inscribed with: "Erected By The Royal Engineers For The Imperial War Graves Commission And Unveiled On Armistice Day 1922 By H. E. Gen. Sir H. L. Smith-Dorrien GCB-GCMG-DSO Governor and Commander-In-Chief Gibraltar." The Cornish granite panel in the centre of the enclosure bears the inscription: 1914–1918 1939–1945 The Cross In This Forecourt Is Similar To Those Raised In War Cemeteries Throughout The World In Grateful And Undying Remembrance Of The Sacrifice Made By Sailors Soldiers And Airmen From All Parts Of The Commonwealth Who Died During Two World Wars The Gibraltar Memorial, which is adjacent to the Cross of Sacrifice, lists the names of seven soldiers who died during World War I and another 91 who lost their lives in World War II.

Later history

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice: Sir Reginald Blomfield — Sir Reginald Blomfield

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice

In research: Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Buildings and structures completed in 1922, Commonwealth War Graves Commission memorials, Monumental crosses in the United Kingdom, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice in simple terms?

Why does Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Gibraltar Cross of Sacrifice.