astronomy

Girindrasekhar Bose

Girindrasekhar Bose is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Girindrasekhar Bose rather than just read about it. In short: Girindrasekhar Bose (31 January 1887 – 3 June 1953) was an early 20th-century Indian psychoanalyst, the first president (1922–1953) of the Indian Psychoanalytic Society. Bose carried on a twenty-year dialogue with Sigmund Freud.

Key takeaways

Girindrasekhar Bose belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Girindrasekhar Bose to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Girindrasekhar Bose from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Girindrasekhar Bose (31 January 1887 – 3 June 1953) was an early 20th-century Indian psychoanalyst, the first president (1922–1953) of the Indian Psychoanalytic Society. Bose carried on a twenty-year dialogue with Sigmund Freud. Known for disputing the specifics of Freud's Oedipus complex theory, he has been pointed to by some as an early example of non-Western contestations of Western methodologies. Apart from this, he also started the first general hospital psychiatry unit (GHPU) in Asia at the R.G. Kar Medical College, Calcutta in 1933.

Life and work Bose's doctoral thesis, Concept of Repression (1921) blended Hindu thought with Freudian concepts. He sent the thesis to Freud, which led to a correspondence between the two men and to the formation of the Indian Psychoanalytic Society in 1922 in Calcutta. Of the fifteen original members, nine were college teachers of psychology or philosophy and five belonged to the medical corps of the Indian Army, including two British psychiatrists. One of them was Owen A.R. Berkeley Hill, famous for his work at the Ranchi Mental Hospital. In the same year, Bose wrote to Freud in Vienna. Freud was pleased that his ideas had spread to such a far-off land and asked Bose to write to Ernest Jones, then President of the International Psychoanalytic Association, for membership of that body. Bose did so and the Indian Psychoanalytic Society, with Bose as president (a position he held until his death in 1953) became a full-fledged member of the international psychoanalytic community. The review of the Indian Psychoanalytic Society is called Samiksha and its first edition appeared in 1947.

Works Concept of Repression. Published by G. Bose, 14 Parsi Bagan, Calcutta, India. 1921. (with Ernest Jones and others) Glossary for the use of translators of psycho-analytic works, 1926 Bose, G. (1930). "The psychological outlook of Hindu philosophy". Indian Journal of Psychology. 5: 119–46. Bose, Girindrasekhar. (1933). "A New Theory of Mental Life". Indian Journal of Psychology, 37(157).

Notes

References Hartnack, Christiane. (1990). "Vishnu on Freud's Desk:Psychoanalysis in Colonial India". Social Research, 57 (4), 921-949. Hartnack, Christiane. (2003). "Freud on Garuda's Wings - Psychoanalysis in Colonial India". IIAS Newsletter #30, March 2003 Indian Psychoanalytical Society. (1955). Samiksa Special Issue on Bose. Ramana, C.V. (1964). "On the Early History and Development of Psychoanalysis in India". Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. 12: 110–134. doi:10.1177/000306516401200107. PMID 14110872. S2CID 32018262. Kakar, Sudhir. (1997). "Encounters of the psychological kind: Freud, Jung and India" in Culture and Psyche: Psychoanalysis and India. New York, Psyche Press. Mehta, P. (1997). "The Import and Export of Psychoanalysis: India". Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis. 25 (3): 455–471. doi:10.1521/jaap.1.1997.25.3.455. PMID 9513126. Nandy, Ashis. 'The savage Freud: the first non-Western psychoanalyst and the politics of secret selves in colonial India', in The savage Freud and other essays on possible and retrievable selves, Princeton University Press, 1995, pp. 81–144

Further reading T.G. Vaidyanathan & Jeffrey J. Kripal (editors): Vishnu on Freud's Desk: A Reader in Psychoanalysis and Hinduism, Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-565835-3, Paperback (Edition: 2003) Amit Ranjan Basu,"Girindrasekhar Basu and the coming of psychology in colonial India," Theoretical Perspective, Vol.6, 1999, pp. 26–55. Amit Ranjan Basu, "Emergence of a Marginal Science in a Colonial City: Reading Psychiatry in Bengali Periodicals." Indian Economic and Social History Review, 41, 2004, pp 103–141. Amit Ranjan Basu, "Historicizing Indian psychiatry" Indian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 47, No. 2, 2005, pp. 126–129. Amit Ranjan Basu, The Coming of Psychoanalysis in Colonial India: the Bengali Writings of Dr. Girindrasekhar Bose, No. 5, 1999 (Centre for Studies in Social Sciences), Enreca Occasional Paper Series - Cu[l]ture and the Disciplines: Papers from the Cultural Studies Workshops/Tapti Guha Thakurta (35.54 p.) Christopher Harding, ‘The Freud Franchise: Independence of Mind in India and Japan’, in R. Clarke (ed), Celebrity and Colonialism: Fame, Power and Representation in (Post) Colonial Cultures (Cambridge Scholars Press, 2009). Christopher Harding, 'Freud in Asia'. BBC Radio 3 documentary, broadcast 16 November 2014. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04p51zy

External links Biography Bose-Freud correspondence. About IPA, see "How did the IPA begin?"

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Girindrasekhar Bose

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Girindrasekhar Bose claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Girindrasekhar Bose before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Girindrasekhar Bose ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Girindrasekhar Bose

In research: Girindrasekhar Bose appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Girindrasekhar Bose in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Girindrasekhar Bose is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1887 births, 1953 deaths, 20th-century Indian medical doctors, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Girindrasekhar Bose outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Girindrasekhar Bose in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Girindrasekhar Bose means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Girindrasekhar Bose out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Girindrasekhar Bose in simple terms?

Why does Girindrasekhar Bose matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Girindrasekhar Bose?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Girindrasekhar Bose.