computer science

Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion

Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion is a computer science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion rather than just read about it. In short: The Global Information Grid Bandwidth Expansion (GIG-BE) Program was a major United States Department of Defense (DOD) net-centric transformational initiative executed by DISA. Part of the Global Information Grid project, GIG-BE created a ubiquitous "bandwidth-available" environment to improve national security intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, information assurance, as well as command and control.

Key takeaways

Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion belongs to computer science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Global Information Grid Bandwidth Expansion (GIG-BE) Program was a major United States Department of Defense (DOD) net-centric transformational initiative executed by DISA. Part of the Global Information Grid project, GIG-BE created a ubiquitous "bandwidth-available" environment to improve national security intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, information assurance, as well as command and control. Through GIG-BE, DISA leveraged DOD's existing end-to-end information transport capabilities, significantly expanding capacity and reliability to select Joint Staff-approved locations worldwide. GIG-BE achieved Full Operational Capability (FOC) on December 20, 2005.

Scope This program provided increased bandwidth and diverse physical access to approximately 87 critical sites in the continental United States (CONUS), US Pacific Command (PACOM) and US European Command (EUCOM). These locations are interconnected via an expanded GIG core.

Capabilities and services GIG-BE provides a secure, robust, optical terrestrial network that delivers very high-speed classified and unclassified Internet Protocol (IP) services to key operating locations worldwide. The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integration's (ASD/NII) vision is a "color to every base," physically diverse network access, optical mesh upgrades for the backbone network, and regional/MAN upgrades, where needed. "A color to every base" implies that every site has an OC-192 (10 gigabits per second) of usable IP dedicated to that site.

Implementation After extensive component integration and operational testing, implementation began in the middle of the 2004 fiscal year and extended through calendar year 2005. The initial implementation concentrated on six sites used during the proof of Initial Operational Capability (IOC), achieved on September 30, 2004. The GIG-BE Program Office conducted detailed site surveys at all of the approximately 87 Joint Staff-approved locations and parallel implementation in CONUS and overseas. The GIG-BE Program Office completed the Final Operational Test and Evaluation (FOT&E) at 54 operational sites on October 7, 2005. On December 20, 2005, the GIG-BE program achieved the milestone of Full Operational Capability.

Contract GIG-BE was awarded to SAIC in 2001 for $877 million. This contract was for the development, instantiation, and maintenance of the GIG-BE network. SAIC instantly divided the equipment and tasks into subcontracts. These subcontracts are as follows:

Ciena Corporation- optical transport segment worth $200-$300 million over two years Sycamore Networks- optical cross-connect segment worth $100-$150 million Cisco Systems- multiservice provisioning platform segment worth $150-$200 million Juniper Networks- core IP router portion worth $150-$200 million By Light- installation and maintenance worth $100-$150 million

Congressional critic Representatives Marty Meehan (D-Mass) and Jim Saxton (R-NJ) expressed concern in the selection process for a contractor to lead the GIG-BE effort. They say it was handled "irresponsibly." The reason for this as expressed by Meehan's spokesperson Kimberly Abbott is the "whole bidding process wasn't as fair and open as it could have been", because a contractor and not the government led the decision process. SAIC won the contract who eventually handed a large subset of the engineering to By Light. Meehan did stress that he is not questioning the competence of the winners. These two congressman delivered a letter to the DoD regarding the contract but the issue was slowly forgotten.

See also Department of Defense Architecture Framework DoD Joint Technical Framework version 6.0 DoD Business Enterprise Architecture Global Information Grid-Enterprise Services initiative Department Of Defense Directive (DoDD) 8100.01 "Global Information Grid - Overarching Policy", September 2002 JTF-Global Network Operations Global Information Grid

References DISA GIG-BE Archived 2008-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Lightreading.com article on Congressmen critic Contract Information

External links Defense Information Systems Agency Website Department of Defense Archived 2008-09-16 at the Wayback Machine

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In computer science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion

In research: Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion appears in computer science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Grid computing, Military communications, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion in simple terms?

Why does Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion matter?

Because it connects several computer science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Global Information Grid-Bandwidth Expansion.