chemistry

Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase

Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase rather than just read about it. In short: In enzymology, a glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase (EC 3.5.1.93) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate + glutarate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate and H2O, whereas its two products are (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate and glu…

Key takeaways

Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

In enzymology, a glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase (EC 3.5.1.93) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate + glutarate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate and H2O, whereas its two products are (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate and glutarate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate amidohydrolase. Other names in common use include 7beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid acylase, cephalosporin C acylase, glutaryl-7-ACA acylase, CA, GCA, GA, cephalosporin acylase, glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic acid acylase, and GL-7-ACA acylase. This enzyme participates in penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis.

References

Shimomura K; Saito, Y; Fujimura, T; Sasaki, H; Noguchi, Y; Yamada, H; Niwa, M; Shimomura, K (1995). "High-level production, chemical modification and site-directed mutagenesis of a cephalosporin C acylase from Pseudomonas strain N176". Eur. J. Biochem. 230 (2): 773–778. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.0773h.x. PMID 7607251. Kinoshita T, Tada T, Saito Y, Ishii Y, Sato A, Murata M (2000). "Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of cephalosporin C acylase from Pseudomonas sp. strain N176". Acta Crystallogr. D. 56 (Pt 4): 458–459. doi:10.1107/S0907444900000718. PMID 10739919. Monti D, Carrea G, Riva S, Baldaro E, Frare G (2000). "Characterization of an industrial biocatalyst: immobilized glutaryl-7-ACA acylase". Biotechnol. Bioeng. 70 (2): 239–244. doi:10.1002/1097-0290(20001020)70:2<239::AID-BIT13>3.0.CO;2-I. PMID 10972935. Kwon TH, Rhee S, Lee YS, Park SS, Kim KH (2000). "Crystallization and preliminary X-Ray diffraction analysis of glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic acid acylase from Pseudomonas sp GK16". J. Struct. Biol. 131 (1): 79–81. doi:10.1006/jsbi.2000.4256. PMID 10945972. Kim Y, Yoon K, Khang Y, Turley S, Hol WG (2000). "The 2.0 A crystal structure of cephalosporin acylase". Structure. Fold. Des. 8 (10): 1059–1068. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00505-0. PMID 11080627. G; Zeng, R; Ding, X; Mao, X; Ding, Y; Rao, Z; Xie, Y; Jiang, W; Zhao, G (2002). "Affinity alkylation of the Trp-B4 residue of the beta -subunit of the glutaryl 7-aminocephalosporanic acid acylase of Pseudomonas sp 130". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (12): 10256–10264. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108683200. PMID 11782466. Kim JK, Yang IS, Rhee S, Dauter Z, Lee YS, Park SS, Kim KH (2003). "Crystal structures of glutaryl 7-aminocephalosporanic acid acylase: insight into autoproteolytic activation". Biochemistry. 42 (14): 4084–4093. doi:10.1021/bi027181x. PMID 12680762.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase

In research: Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EC 3.5.1, EC 3.5 stubs, Enzymes of unknown structure, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase means in your own words.
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Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase in simple terms?

In enzymology, a glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase (EC 3.5.1.93) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate + glutarate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are…

Why does Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic-acid acylase.