engineering

Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase

Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase rather than just read about it. In short: In enzymology, a glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction glutathione + [Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } Gly + [Glu(-Cys)]n+1-Gly Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are glutathione and [Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly, whereas its two products are Gly and [Glu(-Cys)]n+1-Gly. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specificall…

Key takeaways

Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

In enzymology, a glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

glutathione + [Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } Gly + [Glu(-Cys)]n+1-Gly Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are glutathione and [Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly, whereas its two products are Gly and [Glu(-Cys)]n+1-Gly. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the aminoacyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is glutathione:poly(4-glutamyl-cysteinyl)glycine 4-glutamylcysteinyltransferase. Other names in common use include phytochelatin synthase, and gamma-glutamylcysteine dipeptidyl transpeptidase.

Structural studies As of late 2007, two structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes PDB: 2BTW and PDB: 2BU3.

References

Grill E, Loffler S, Winnacker E-L, Zenk MH (1989). "Phytochelatins, the heavy-metal-binding peptides of plants, are synthesized from glutathione by a specific gamma-glutamylcysteine dipeptidyl transpeptidase (phytochelatin synthase)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86 (18): 6838–6842. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.6838G. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.18.6838. PMC 297945. PMID 16594069.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase

In research: Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EC 2.3.2, EC 2.3 stubs, Enzymes of known structure, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase in simple terms?

In enzymology, a glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction glutathione + [Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } Gly + [Glu(-Cys)]n+1-Gly Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are glutathione and [Glu(-Cys)]n-Gly…

Why does Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Glutathione gamma-glutamylcysteinyltransferase.