biology

Gopal Kundu

Gopal Kundu is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Gopal Kundu rather than just read about it. In short: Gopal Chandra Kundu (born 2 November 1959) is an Indian cell and cancer biologist who worked as a scientist at the Indian National Centre for Cell Science. He is known for his contributions towards the understanding the mechanism of cancer progression in breast, melanoma and other cancers and development of novel therapeutic targets and target-based therapy in cancers.

Key takeaways

Gopal Kundu belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Gopal Kundu to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Gopal Kundu from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Gopal Chandra Kundu (born 2 November 1959) is an Indian cell and cancer biologist who worked as a scientist at the Indian National Centre for Cell Science. He is known for his contributions towards the understanding the mechanism of cancer progression in breast, melanoma and other cancers and development of novel therapeutic targets and target-based therapy in cancers. An elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences, India, he received the National Bioscience Award for Career Development of the Department of Biotechnology in 2003. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest Indian science awards, in 2004.

Education and career Kundu studied chemistry and biology at the Scottish Church College in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India. He obtained a B.Sc. with major in chemistry from the University of Calcutta (affiliating university of SCC) in 1980. He completed M.Sc. in chemistry at the University of Calcutta in 1982. He entered the Bose Institute, Kolkata, for a doctoral course and earned his Ph.D. in 1989 in protein biochemistry In 1989, he went to Cleveland Clinic Foundation, USA, as a post-doctoral fellow. For the next eight years, he worked as a research associate at the University of Colorado (1990-1992), and then as a senior research associate at the University of Wyoming (1992-1993) and the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda (1993-1998). He became specialised in cardiovascular biology, inflammation and immunomodulation during that period. In 1998, he joined the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, as Scientist-D. At NCCS, he published his most important research papers covering tumor biology, regulation of gene expression, cell signaling, angiogenesis, cancer therapeutics, biomarker studies for cancer detection, and nanomedicine. In 2019, Kundu retired from the government service at superannuation age. He was immediately appointed as director of research and development at the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), a private university in Bhubaneswar, Odissa. He also holds professor positions in biotechnology at KIIT and in medicine and molecular research at Kalinga Institute of Medical Science. He serves as Editorial Board Member of Current Molecular Medicine, Current Chemical Biology, Frontiers in Medicine, International Journal of Oncology, Molecular Medicine Reports, The Open Cancer Journal and American Journal of Cancer Research. He is an associate editor of Molecular Cancer and Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment.

Awards and honours Kundu is elected Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India (2003), the Indian Academy of Sciences (2006) and Indian National Science Academy (2023). He is member of American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and New York Academy of Sciences. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2023.

Awards In 1997, Kundu received Fellows Award for Research Excellence (FARE) from the US National Institute of Health of Health. In 2003, Kundu received the National Bioscience Award for Career Development from the Department of Biotechnology, government of India. In 2004, he was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology in the field of biology, the award of which is considered as the most prestigious in science under the government of India. In 2007, the International Journal of Molecular Medicine from Greece gave him an "International award for an outstanding achievement in oncology". In 2013, he received the 7th National Grassroots Innovation Awards from the National Innovation Foundation for his works in cancer biology.

Controversy A controversy erupted in the NCCS in 2006 when an anonymous mail alleged that Kundu and others might have misrepresented data in a paper published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. The allegation was that they had rehashed the same set of data which they had published earlier. An internal committee of the NCCS advised the authors to take back their paper, however an independent committee led by G. Padmanabhan, a former director of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, concluded that there was no manipulation in the data. On 23 February 2007, the Journal of Biological Chemistry withdrew the paper amid allegations of data manipulation, although the authors maintained that the two papers used different set of data though similar experiments.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Gopal Kundu

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Gopal Kundu claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Gopal Kundu before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Gopal Kundu ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Gopal Kundu

In research: Gopal Kundu appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Gopal Kundu in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Gopal Kundu is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1959 births, Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Fellows of the National Academy of Sciences, India, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Gopal Kundu outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Gopal Kundu in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Gopal Kundu means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Gopal Kundu out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Gopal Kundu in simple terms?

Why does Gopal Kundu matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Gopal Kundu?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Gopal Kundu.