science

Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen

Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen rather than just read about it. In short: Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen (German for 'Outline of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages') is a major work of historical linguistics by Karl Brugmann and Berthold Delbrück, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology and morphology, and Delbrück treated syntax.

Key takeaways

Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen (German for 'Outline of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages') is a major work of historical linguistics by Karl Brugmann and Berthold Delbrück, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology and morphology, and Delbrück treated syntax. The grammar of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is reconstructed from those of its daughter languages known in the late 19th century. The work represents a major step in Indo-European studies, after Franz Bopp's Comparative Grammar of 1833 and August Schleicher's Compendium of 1871. Brugmann's neogrammarian re-evaluation of PIE resulted in a view that in its essence continued to be valid until present times.

First edition Brugmann Volume I: Phonology (1886) Volume II, Part I: Noun (1888) Volume II, Part II: Numerals and Pronouns, Verb (1892) Indices (1893) Delbrück Volume III: Syntax, Part I (1893) Volume IV: Syntax, Part II (1897) Volume V: Syntax, Part III (1900) The volumes of the first edition were translated into English by Joseph Wright (Volume I), Robert S. Conway and William H. D. Rouse (Volume II and the Indices) shortly after their appearance.

Second edition Immediately after publication of the first edition, Brugmann began to work on an extensively revised second edition of his portion of the Grundriß:

Volume I: (1897) Volume II.1: (1906) Volume II.2: (1911) Volume II.3: (1916)

See also Proto-Indo-European language Proto-Indo-European root Indo-European studies

PIE dictionaries Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (IEW, first published 1956 by Julius Pokorny) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (LIV, published 1998 and 2001 by Helmut Rix and others) Indo-European Etymological Dictionary, an ongoing project based in Leiden, intended to result in the publication of a comprehensive Indo-European etymological dictionary

References

External links

Indogermanisches Wörterbuch by Gerhard Köbler, containing the PIE grammar from the Grundriß Pokorny PIE Data (University of Texas) Brugmann's Grundriß, describing the digital availability of the Grundriß

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen

In research: Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1886 non-fiction books, Grammar books, Grammar stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen in simple terms?

Why does Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen.