astronomy

Gunther Hartmann

Gunther Hartmann is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Gunther Hartmann rather than just read about it. In short: Gunther Hartmann (born 7 December 1966 in Leutkirch) is a German immunologist and clinical pharmacologist. Since 2007 he has been the Director of the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology at the University Hospital of the University of Bonn.

Key takeaways

Gunther Hartmann belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Gunther Hartmann to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Gunther Hartmann from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Gunther Hartmann (born 7 December 1966 in Leutkirch) is a German immunologist and clinical pharmacologist. Since 2007 he has been the Director of the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology at the University Hospital of the University of Bonn.

Career In 1986, Hartmann graduated from Salvator College Catholic High School in Bad Wurzach and then began his medical studies at the Medical School of the University of Ulm. He earned his medical degree there in 1994 from the Department of Clinical Genetics and then became a clinical fellow at the Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt of LMU Munich. In 1998, he joined the lab of Arthur Krieg at the University of Iowa as a postdoctoral researcher. Then in 2001, he completed his habilitation degree in Clinical Pharmacology at LMU Munich. Hartmann's group has long been interested in understanding how the innate immune system recognizes foreign nucleic acids, to protect against threats from viruses and pathogens. This work began when he was a postdoc at LMU Munich. In the Krieg lab in Iowa, he characterized the CpG motif in DNA that is detected by human Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and then back at LMU Munich, he studied the immunobiological consequences of TLR9 activation. First at LMU Munich and then at the University of Bonn, his group went on to study RNA recognition by TLR7, specifically the TLR7-mediated detection of short interfering RNAs (siRNA). Along these lines, the Hartmann group has studied RIG-I as a sensor for cytosolic RNA, and identified blunt-ended double-stranded RNA with a 5´-triphosphate as the RIG-I ligand. In addition, the group has also studied the recognition of cytosolic double-stranded DNA by the cGAS/STING pathway. In 2005, Hartmann was made head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology at the University Hospital Bonn (UKB), and in 2007, he was appointed Professor and Director of the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology including the Central Laboratory at the UKB. Since 2009, he has been a member of the expert committee on Cancer Therapy Trials at the German Cancer Aid organization. He is the founding and current spokesperson for the ImmunoSensation Cluster of Excellence, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) starting in November 2012 and renewed in 2019. He has served as president of the international Oligonucleotide Therapeutic Society (2011–12). In 2012, Hartmann was awarded the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize by the DFG in recognition of his work on the detection of nucleic acids by the immune system. In 2016, he was appointed Vice Dean of Research for the Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn. Beginning in 2018, he is serving as the spokesperson for the Collaborative Research Center/Transregio grant “Nucleic Acid Immunity”, funded by the DFG. In addition, Hartmann was one of the founders of a spin-off company (Rigontec GmbH) developing 5'-triphosphate RNAs to target RIG-I, which was acquired by Merck & Co. in 2017.

Honors 2000: "Young Master" of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology 2000: Paul Martini Prize 2004: Georg Heberer Award of the Chiles Foundation in Portland 2004: Ludwig Heilmeyer Award 2004: Biofuture Award of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research 2007: Wilhelm Vaillant Prize for Medical Research 2009: GoBio Prize of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research 2011: Dr. Friedrich Sasse Medal in gold of the Berlin Medical Society 2012: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize 2013: Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina

References

External links Gunther Hartmann's CV (PDF) List of publications (PDF; 142 kB) Homepage of the Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology at the University of Bonn (in German)

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Gunther Hartmann

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Gunther Hartmann claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Gunther Hartmann before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Gunther Hartmann ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Gunther Hartmann

In research: Gunther Hartmann appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Gunther Hartmann in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Gunther Hartmann is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1966 births, 20th-century German medical doctors, 21st-century German medical doctors, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Gunther Hartmann outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Gunther Hartmann in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Gunther Hartmann means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Gunther Hartmann out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Gunther Hartmann in simple terms?

Why does Gunther Hartmann matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Gunther Hartmann?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Gunther Hartmann.