engineering

Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange

Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange rather than just read about it. In short: Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange is a heritage-listed commercial building facade at 95–99 Sussex Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was built in 1883, with the remainder of the building apart from the facade being demolished in 1989.

Key takeaways

Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange is a heritage-listed commercial building facade at 95–99 Sussex Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was built in 1883, with the remainder of the building apart from the facade being demolished in 1989. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

History It appears from early rate assessment books and Sands Directory entries that this building was originally No. 97 Sussex Street and was flanked by Nos. 95 and 99 which were two-storey buildings. From 1884 to 1932–33, three buildings are independently listed for the three numbers, all three owned by Hawken and Vance for most of that period. Joseph Edmund Vance and Nicholas Hawken began as produce merchants in 1868. The partnership continued successfully until Vance's retirement in 1914. Nicholas Hawken was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council and Joseph Vance was one of the founders of the Clyde Engineering Company. The name 'Produce Exchange' suggests that it might have been more than just a warehouse, perhaps serving also as the point of contact for a variety of people, middle-men who performed a range of import-export functions. At some time between 1910 and 1920 Hawken and Vance ceased to be associated with this address and the nature of their business changed. In April 1988 Leda Holdings purchased 95–99 Sussex Street from MFN Pty Ltd for $3 million. The original building was demolished apart from the facade in 1989, with the facade incorporated into a new development.

Description

This is a front facade only, the rest of the building having been demolished and the remainder integrated into a new development of similar height at the street front and one storey higher set back. The three-storey facade is brick, faced with stucco in the Victorian Free Classical style. It is a three-bay composition articulated by pilasters at each storey, the three levels being marked by cornice motifs, with a pierced and balustrade parapet above the side bays and a pediment above the centre. In the pediment is the raised lettering HAWKEN & VANCE PRODUCE EXCHANGE 1883. Decorative spiked urns originally crowned the parapet piers. Modern full-width windows fill the street level bays. Above, there are triple windows in the centre and paired windows in the flanking bays. All have moulded heads and sills; at first floor level they are segmentally arched with keystone motifs; and at top level they are round-arched, only the centre being keyed. The facade has been refurbished and incorporated into a development nearly four times bigger than the old building, extending from Cuthbert's building on the south to the curved corner of Slip Street on the north. The new building has an additional storey set back from the street line so as to retain the integrity of the early structure. The design of the new work is not imitative, but harmonious in scale and proportions and offering contrasts in colour and texture.

Significance The facade of the former Hawken and Vance building at 95–99 Sussex Street, has both intrinsic and contextual significance. It has significance as representative of the type of building associated with the wharves that once abounded in this area. It is an example of a mid-Victorian warehouse facade remaining in the city, with a pleasing Victorian Free Classical design in modelled stucco. Its integration into a new development is such that the scale of its context is appropriate and it reads as a contributory component of the streetscape. The facade has historic significance for its association with the produce company Hawken and Vance, whose principals were prominent Sydney citizens.

Heritage listing Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange

In research: Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Buildings and structures completed in 1883, Commercial buildings in New South Wales, New South Wales State Heritage Register, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange in simple terms?

Why does Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Hawken and Vance Produce Exchange.