astronomy

Heinrich Martin Weber

Heinrich Martin Weber is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Heinrich Martin Weber rather than just read about it. In short: Heinrich Martin Weber (5 March 1842, Heidelberg, Germany – 17 May 1913, Straßburg, Alsace-Lorraine, German Empire, now Strasbourg, France) was a German mathematician. Weber's main work was in algebra, number theory, and analysis.

Key takeaways

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Reproduce the core statement of Heinrich Martin Weber from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Heinrich Martin Weber (5 March 1842, Heidelberg, Germany – 17 May 1913, Straßburg, Alsace-Lorraine, German Empire, now Strasbourg, France) was a German mathematician. Weber's main work was in algebra, number theory, and analysis. He is best known for his text Lehrbuch der Algebra published in 1895 and much of it is his original research in algebra and number theory. His work Theorie der algebraischen Functionen einer Veränderlichen (with Dedekind) established an algebraic foundation for Riemann surfaces, allowing a purely algebraic formulation of the Riemann–Roch theorem. Weber's research papers were numerous, most of them appearing in Crelle's Journal or Mathematische Annalen. He was the editor of Riemann's collected works. Weber was born in Heidelberg, Baden, and entered the University of Heidelberg in 1860. In 1866 he became a privatdozent, and in 1869 he was appointed as extraordinary professor at that school. Weber also taught in Zürich at the Federal Polytechnic Institute (today the ETH Zurich), at the University of Königsberg, and at the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (today Technische Universität Berlin). His final post was at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universität Straßburg, Alsace-Lorraine, where he died. In 1893 in Chicago, his paper Zur Theorie der ganzzahligen algebraischen Gleichungen was read (but not by him) at the International Mathematical Congress held in connection with the World's Columbian Exposition. In 1895 and in 1904 he was president of the Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung. His doctoral students include Heinrich Brandt, E. V. Huntington, Louis Karpinski, and Friedrich Levi.

Publications with Richard Dedekind: Theorie der algebraischen Functionen einer Veränderlichen. J. Reine Angew. Math. 92 (1882) 181–290 Elliptische Functionen und algebraische Zahlen. Braunschweig 1891 Encyklopädie der Elementar-Mathematik. Ein Handbuch für Lehrer und Studierende. Leipzig 1903/07, (Vol. 1, Vol. 2, Vol. 3) (in German) with Bernhard Riemann (i.e. partly based on Riemann's lectures): Die partiellen Differential-Gleichungen der mathematischen Physik. Braunschweig 1900-01 Lehrbuch der Algebra. Braunschweig 1924, ed. Robert Fricke Weber, Heinrich Martin (1981) [1895], Lehrbuch der Algebra (in German), vol. 1 (3rd ed.), New York: AMS Chelsea Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8218-3258-5 Weber, Heinrich Martin (1981) [1895], Lehrbuch der Algebra (in German), vol. 2 (3rd ed.), New York: AMS Chelsea Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8218-2647-8 Weber, Heinrich Martin (1981) [1898], Lehrbuch der Algebra (in German), vol. 3 (3rd ed.), New York: AMS Chelsea Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8218-2971-4 The third volume is an expanded version of his earlier book "Elliptische Functionen und algebraische Zahlen".

References

O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Heinrich Martin Weber", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews Schappacher, Norbert (1998), "On the history of Hilbert's twelfth problem: a comedy of errors", Matériaux pour l'histoire des mathématiques au XXe siècle (Nice, 1996), Sémin. Congr., vol. 3, Paris: Société Mathématique de France, pp. 243–273, ISBN 978-2-85629-065-1, MR 1640262 Voss, A. (1914), "Heinrich Weber.", Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung (in German), 23: 431–444, ISSN 0012-0456 Heinrich Martin Weber at the Mathematics Genealogy Project

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Heinrich Martin Weber

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Heinrich Martin Weber claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Heinrich Martin Weber before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Heinrich Martin Weber ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Heinrich Martin Weber

In research: Heinrich Martin Weber appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Heinrich Martin Weber in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Heinrich Martin Weber is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1842 births, 1913 deaths, 19th-century German mathematicians, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Heinrich Martin Weber outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Heinrich Martin Weber in 20 minutes

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Frequently asked questions

What is Heinrich Martin Weber in simple terms?

Why does Heinrich Martin Weber matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Heinrich Martin Weber?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Heinrich Martin Weber.