science

Helicobacter felis

Helicobacter felis is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Helicobacter felis rather than just read about it. In short: Helicobacter felis is a bacterial species in the Helicobacteraceae family, Campylobacterales order, Helicobacter genus. This bacterium is Gram-negative, microaerophilic, urease-positive, and spiral-shaped.

Key takeaways

Helicobacter felis belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Helicobacter felis to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Helicobacter felis from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Helicobacter felis is a bacterial species in the Helicobacteraceae family, Campylobacterales order, Helicobacter genus. This bacterium is Gram-negative, microaerophilic, urease-positive, and spiral-shaped. Its type strain is CS1T (= ATCC 49179T). It can be pathogenic. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is by far the best known Helicobacter species, primarily because humans infected with it may develop gastrointestinal tract diseases such as stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers of the nonlymphoma type, and various subtypes of extranodal marginal zone lymphomass, e.g. those of the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, and rectumn. H. pylori is also associated with the development of bile duct cancer and has been associated with a wide range of other diseases although its role in the development of many of these other diseases requires further study. Humans infected with H. felis may also develop some of the same gastrointestinal diseases viz., stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers that are not lymphomas, and extranodal marginal B cell lymphomas of the stomach. Other non-H. pylori species that are known to be associated with these gastrointestinal diseases are Helicobacter bizzozeronii, Helicobacter salomonis, Helicobacter suis, and Helicobacter heilmannii s.s. Because of their disease associations, these four Helicobacter species plus H. felis are often group together and termed Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato. H. felis bacteria are detected in the stomachs of their natural hosts - cats, dogs, rabbits, and cheetahs. Reports suggest that individuals, including children, are infected with this bacterium by having close contact with one of these infected animals: H. heilmanni s.l.-associated diseases, including those associated with H. felis, appear to be zoonotic diseases, i.e. infectious diseases that are caused by pathogen that spread from animals to humans. It is important to diagnose H. felis and other H. heilmannii sensu lato infections in patients with the cited upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, including in particular extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the stomach, because some of them have been successfully treated and cured using antibiotic-based drug regimens (e.g.amoxicillin, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor or metronidazole, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor) directed against the instigating bacterium.

References

Further reading Schmitz JM, Durham CG, Schoeb TR, et al. (September 2011). "Helicobacter felis--associated gastric disease in microbiota-restricted mice". Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 59 (9): 826–41. doi:10.1369/0022155411416242. PMC 3201166. PMID 21852692. Ferrero RL, Avé P, Radcliff FJ, Labigne A, Huerre MR (July 2000). "Outbred mice with long-term Helicobacter felis infection develop both gastric lymphoid tissue and glandular hyperplastic lesions". The Journal of Pathology. 191 (3): 333–40. doi:10.1002/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH619>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 10878557. S2CID 23300220. Ericksen, Russell E.; Rose, Shannon; Westphalen, Christoph Benedikt; Shibata, Wataru; Muthupalani, Sureshkumar; Tailor, Yagnesh; Friedman, Richard A.; Han, Weiping; Fox, James G.; Ferrante Jr., Anthony W.; Wang, Timothy C (March 2014). "Obesity accelerates Helicobacter felis-induced gastric carcinogenesis by enhancing immature myeloid cell trafficking and TH17 response". Gut. 63 (3): 385–394. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305092. PMC 3972255. PMID 23729675.

External links "Helicobacter felis". The Encyclopedia of Life. Type strain of Helicobacter felis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Helicobacter felis

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Helicobacter felis claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Helicobacter felis before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Helicobacter felis ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Helicobacter felis

In research: Helicobacter felis appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Helicobacter felis in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Helicobacter felis is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Bacteria described in 1991, Campylobacterota, Campylobacterota stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Helicobacter felis outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Helicobacter felis in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Helicobacter felis means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Helicobacter felis out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Helicobacter felis in simple terms?

Why does Helicobacter felis matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Helicobacter felis?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Helicobacter felis.