mathematics

Hermann Schubert

Hermann Schubert is a mathematics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Hermann Schubert rather than just read about it. In short: Hermann Cäsar Hannibal Schubert (22 May 1848 – 20 July 1911) was a German mathematician. Schubert was one of the leading developers of enumerative geometry, which considers those parts of algebraic geometry that involve a finite number of solutions.

Key takeaways

Hermann Schubert belongs to mathematics; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Hermann Schubert to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Hermann Schubert from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Hermann Cäsar Hannibal Schubert (22 May 1848 – 20 July 1911) was a German mathematician. Schubert was one of the leading developers of enumerative geometry, which considers those parts of algebraic geometry that involve a finite number of solutions. In 1874, Schubert won a prize for solving a question posed by Zeuthen. Schubert calculus was named after him. Schubert tutored Adolf Hurwitz at the Realgymnasium Andreanum in Hildesheim, Hanover, and arranged for Hurwitz to study under Felix Klein at University.

See also Schubert cycle or Schubert variety Schubert polynomial

Publications Schubert, Hermann (1979) [1879], Kleiman, Steven L. (ed.), Kalkül der abzählenden Geometrie, Reprint of the 1879 original (in German), Berlin-New York: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 3-540-09233-1, MR 0555576

References

Werner Burau and Bodo Renschuch, "Ergänzungen zur Biographie von Hermann Schubert," (Complements to the biography of Hermann Schubert,) Mitt. Math. Ges. Hamb. 13, pp. 63–65 (1993), ISSN 0340-4358.

External links O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Hermann Schubert", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews Works by Hermann Schubert at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Hermann Schubert at the Internet Archive Hermann Schubert at the Mathematics Genealogy Project

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Hermann Schubert

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Hermann Schubert claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In mathematics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Hermann Schubert before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Hermann Schubert ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Hermann Schubert

In research: Hermann Schubert appears in mathematics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Hermann Schubert in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Hermann Schubert is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1848 births, 1911 deaths, 19th-century German mathematicians, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Hermann Schubert outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Hermann Schubert in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Hermann Schubert means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Hermann Schubert out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Hermann Schubert in simple terms?

Why does Hermann Schubert matter?

Because it connects several mathematics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Hermann Schubert?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Hermann Schubert.