computer science

High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor

High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor is a computer science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor rather than just read about it. In short: A High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor (HAIPE) is a Type 1 encryption device that complies with the National Security Agency's HAIPE IS (formerly the HAIPIS, the High Assurance Internet Protocol Interoperability Specification). The cryptography used is Suite A and Suite B, also specified by the NSA as part of the Cryptographic Modernization Program.

Key takeaways

High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor belongs to computer science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

A High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor (HAIPE) is a Type 1 encryption device that complies with the National Security Agency's HAIPE IS (formerly the HAIPIS, the High Assurance Internet Protocol Interoperability Specification). The cryptography used is Suite A and Suite B, also specified by the NSA as part of the Cryptographic Modernization Program. HAIPE IS is based on IPsec with additional restrictions and enhancements. One of these enhancements includes the ability to encrypt multicast data using a "preplaced key" (see definition in List of cryptographic key types). This requires loading the same key on all HAIPE devices that will participate in the multicast session in advance of data transmission. A HAIPE is typically a secure gateway that allows two enclaves to exchange data over an untrusted or lower-classification network.

Examples Examples of HAIPE devices include:

L3Harris Technologies' Encryption Products KG-245X 10 Gbit/s (HAIPE IS v3.1.2 and Foreign Interoperable), KG-245A fully tactical 1 Gbit/s (HAIPE IS v3.1.2 and Foreign Interoperable) RedEagle ViaSat's AltaSec Products KG-250, and KG-255 [1 Gbit/s] General Dynamics Mission Systems TACLANE Products FLEX (KG-175F) 10G (KG-175X) Nano (KG-175N) Airbus Defence & Space ECTOCRYP Transparent Cryptography Three of these devices are compliant to the HAIPE IS v3.0.2 specification while the remaining devices use the HAIPE IS version 1.3.5, which has a couple of notable limitations: limited support for routing protocols or open network management. A HAIPE is an IP encryption device, looking up the destination IP address of a packet in its internal Security Association Database (SAD) and picking the encrypted tunnel based on the appropriate entry. For new communications, HAIPEs use the internal Security Policy Database (SPD) to set up new tunnels with the appropriate algorithms and settings. Due to lack of support for modern commercial routing protocols the HAIPEs often must be preprogrammed with static routes and cannot adjust to changing network topology. A couple of new HAIPE devices will combine the functionality of a router and encryptor when HAIPE IS version 3.0 is approved. General Dynamics has completed its TACLANE version (KG-175R), which house both a red and a black Cisco router, and both ViaSat and L-3 Communications are coming out with a line of network encryptors at version 3.0 and above. Cisco is partnering with Harris Corporation to propose a solution called SWAT1 There is a UK HAIPE variant that implements UKEO algorithms in place of US Suite A. Cassidian has entered the HAIPE market in the UK with its Ectocryp range. Ectocryp Blue is HAIPE version 3.0 compliant and provides a number of the HAIPE extensions as well as support for network quality of service (QoS). Harris has also entered the UK HAIPE market with the BID/2370 End Cryptographic Unit (ECU). In addition to site encryptors HAIPE is also being inserted into client devices that provide both wired and wireless capabilities. Examples of these include L3Harris Technologies' KOV-26 Talon and KOV-26B Talon2, and Harris Corporation's KIV-54 and PRC-117G radio.

HAIPE managers Viasat and General Dynamics Mission Systems both develop their own proprietary software for managing HAIPE devices, VINE and GEM One, respectively. The GEM One specifications list support for the Viasat HAIPEs, KG-250X and KG-250XS while the data sheet for VINE only lists supported Viasat Network Encryptors. Both the HAIPE IS v3 management and HAIPE device implementations are required to be compliant to the HAIPE IS version 3.0 common MIBs. Assurance of cross vendor interoperability may require additional effort. An example of a management application that supports HAIPE IS v3 is the L3Harris Common HAIPE Manager (which only operates with L3Harris products).

See also ARPANET encryption devices NSA encryption systems

References

External links CNSS Policy #19 governing the use of HAIPE Archived May 13, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In computer science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor

In research: High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor appears in computer science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Cryptographic protocols, National Security Agency encryption devices, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor in simple terms?

Why does High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor matter?

Because it connects several computer science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor.