science

High School Graduation Examination

High School Graduation Examination is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand High School Graduation Examination rather than just read about it. In short: The High School Graduation Examination (Vietnamese: Kỳ thi tốt nghiệp trung học phổ thông, abbreviated TN THPT) is a standardized test in the Vietnamese education system, held from 2001 to 2014 and again since 2020. It is used to determine high school graduation eligibility and serves as a national university and college entrance examination.

Key takeaways

High School Graduation Examination belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect High School Graduation Examination to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of High School Graduation Examination from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The High School Graduation Examination (Vietnamese: Kỳ thi tốt nghiệp trung học phổ thông, abbreviated TN THPT) is a standardized test in the Vietnamese education system, held from 2001 to 2014 and again since 2020. It is used to determine high school graduation eligibility and serves as a national university and college entrance examination.

History The initial purpose was to officially declare a student's completion of high school program and a prerequisite for taking the Universities and Colleges Selection Examination. In 2015, the High School Graduation Examination was merged with the Universities and Colleges Selection Examination and became the National High School Examination (THPTQG). Students took one exam to graduate out of high school and apply to universities, junior colleges. On 2018, the THPTQG examination cheating scandal was regarded as the unprecedented exam cheating in history of Vietnam. It spurred a series of reforms in the organization of the THPTQG in subsequent years, this include the increase of surveillance cameras and the assignment of universities in grading exams. The THPTQG was held annually until 2019. Since 2020, due to COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam and new entrance exams organised by universities and junior colleges, such as the Aptitude Tests [vi] (VNU, VNU-HCM, HNUE, HCMUE, Vietnamese police academies, etc.) and HUST Thinking Skills Assessment [vi] (HUST), the THPTQG has been discontinued, replaced by the High School Graduation Examination which is organised again with the same organisation as the THPTQG and with the main purpose of doing well high school career. Universities may still use this exam's results as a basis for university admissions. Particularly in 2020 and 2021, due to the complicated development of the epidemic in some localities, the exam was divided into 2 specific phases, the first phase focused on the less affected provinces and the second phase was for the social-isolation regions in phase 1. In 2021, candidates who were in places where social distancing was implemented according to Directive No.16 in both phases would be specially considered for recognition of high school graduation. Since 2022, the high school graduation exam has been held only once a year, with the main purpose of high school graduation and enrollment for a number of universities and junior colleges nationwide.

Contestants Candidates for the High School Graduation Examination include:

Students in grade 12 are eligible to take the exam (weak academic performance or higher, behaviour average or higher). Those who have completed the high school program but have not taken the graduation exam or have taken the exam but have not graduated in previous years. Those who have high school diplomas and intermediate diplomas take the exam to get the results as a basis for admission consideration to junior colleges and universities.

Schedule For the 2025 exams, two official schedules are given for two types of candidates:

Structure

2001–2013 Each year (2013 and earlier), students tool 6 subjects in the curriculum, in which there were 3 fixed subjects including Mathematics, Literature, Foreign Languages and 3 subjects that were changed each year (choose from Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History and Geography). The following was a list of examination subjects by year other than 3 subjects of Mathematics, Literature and Foreign Language from 2001. An alternative exam was a subject used to replace Foreign Language for candidates studying Continuing Education or did not complete the current high school program or had difficulties in studying.

2014 In 2014, students had 2 compulsory subjects (Literature, Mathematics) and 2 elective subjects in the remaining 6 subjects (Chemistry, Physics, Geography, History, Biology, Foreign Language). The rate of candidates passing graduation nationwide reached 99.02% in the high school education system, 89.01% in the continuing education system, the overall average is 99.09%.

2020–2024 From 2020 up to present, for high school students, they must take 4 exams, including 3 independent tests of Mathematics, Literature, and Foreign Languages and 1 of 2 combined exams of Natural Sciences (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology) or Social Sciences (History, Geography, Civics). For candidates studying in the continuing education program, they shall take 3 exams, including 2 independent tests in Mathematics, Literature and 1 test in combination of Social Sciences (History, Geography). For the Foreign Language test, candidates can choose from one of the subjects of English language, Chinese language, Japanese language, French language, German language, Russian language and Korean language.

From 2025 Beginning in 2025, the test will feature two required subjects: Mathematics and Literature. In addition, applicants may pick two courses from the general education curriculum, including Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Geography, History, Economics and Law Education, Informatics, Technology, Foreign Languages (English, German, Russian, Japanese, French, Chinese, Korean).. The Literature exam is in essay format, consisting of two parts: Reading Comprehension (4 points) and Writing (6 points). Candidates will have 120 minutes to complete the exam. For the other courses, the test will be multiple-choice with three portions. The amount of questions in each segment varies depending on the topic. Section I has multiple-choice questions with four answers, and applicants must choose one right answer. Section II has questions with true/false alternatives. Section III consists of short-answer questions that require applicants to shade in the right answer. The maximum score on the multiple-choice test is ten. The exam length and amount of questions for each topic are as follows:

The test will be administered nationally in a consistent format and at the same time as determined by the Ministry of Education and Training. Between 2025 and 2030, the test approach will stay steady with a paper-based structure..

Admission to universities and colleges

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with High School Graduation Examination

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what High School Graduation Examination claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to High School Graduation Examination before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about High School Graduation Examination ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of High School Graduation Examination

In research: High School Graduation Examination appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses High School Graduation Examination in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: High School Graduation Examination is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Academic pressure in East Asian culture, Education in Vietnam, School examinations, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for High School Graduation Examination outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study High School Graduation Examination in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what High School Graduation Examination means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain High School Graduation Examination out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is High School Graduation Examination in simple terms?

Why does High School Graduation Examination matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study High School Graduation Examination?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on High School Graduation Examination.