astronomy

Ho Weang Kee

Ho Weang Kee is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Ho Weang Kee rather than just read about it. In short: Ho Weang Kee is a Malaysian statistician whose research focuses on the application of statistical methods to genetic data analysis. She is an associate professor of statistics at the University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus in the Department of Applied Mathematics.

Key takeaways

Ho Weang Kee belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Ho Weang Kee to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Ho Weang Kee from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Ho Weang Kee is a Malaysian statistician whose research focuses on the application of statistical methods to genetic data analysis. She is an associate professor of statistics at the University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus in the Department of Applied Mathematics. In 2018, Ho received the L'Oréal-UNESCO International Rising Talent Award in recognition of her work toward developing a predictive model estimating the risk of breast cancer for Southeast Asian women.

Education Ho attended Northumbria University from 2002 to 2005 and graduated with a Bachelor of Science with Honours (BSc(Hons)) degree in Mathematics. In 2005, she began her graduate studies in mathematics at Newcastle University. Ho's early interest in mathematics eventually inspired her to study statistics. Her doctoral advisor, biostatistician Robin Henderson, introduced her to the potential applications of mathematics and statistics in answering scientific questions. Ho conducted research on how to approach and account for incomplete data in longitudinal and survival studies. She completed her Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in 2009.

Career and research Ho's first postdoctoral research experience was at the National Institute for Health Research, where she applied advanced mathematic methodology to child speech and development studies and trained health professionals in the use of statistical methods. In 2010, Ho returned to Newcastle University to conduct postdoctoral research in its School of Mathematics and Statistics. From January 2011 to April 2013, Ho worked as a medical and genetic statistician at the University of Cambridge Department of Public Health and Primary Care.

Predicting breast cancer risk In May 2013, Ho left the United Kingdom and returned to Malaysia. A month later, in June 2013, she joined the University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus as an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics and was promoted to associate professor in 2017. Rather than the rare mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2, the relatively common and more subtle variations associated with breast cancer are of greater interest to Ho. While having only one of these variations typically results in little to no effect on an individual's health, inheriting a combination of these variations could be detrimental for breast cancer risk. Thus, the goal of Ho's current research is to determine which combination of variations associated with breast cancer risk will result in the greatest predicted breast cancer risk. Ho's research utilizes research led by her friend and colleague Teo Soo Hwang, the CEO of Cancer Research Malaysia, the largest breast cancer study in Malaysia. The motivation behind Ho's research is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of breast cancer screening in Malaysia, where the number of breast cancer cases are expected to increase by 50% in the next decade. By identifying women with a greater risk of developing breast cancer, Ho hopes to establish a more personalized, patient-centered breast cancer screening program. She was awarded the L'Oréal-UNESCO Malaysia For Women in Science Fellowship for her work in 2017, and named a L'Oréal-UNESCO International Rising Talent in 2018.

Publications Ho WK, Henderson R, Philipson PM. Tests for Hazard Transformation. Stat Biosci. 2010;2:41-64. doi:10.1007/s12561-010-9020-3. The CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Consortium, Deloukas P, Kanoni S, ..., Ho WK, ..., Watkins H, Schunkert H, Samani NJ. Large-scale association analysis identifies new risk loci for coronary artery disease. Nat Genet. 2013;45:25-33. doi:10.1038/ng.2480. Matthews JNS, Henderson R, Farewell DM, Ho WK, Rodgers LR. Dropout in crossover and longitudinal studies: Is complete case so bad? Stat Methods Med Res. 2014;23(1):60-73. doi:10.1177/0962280212445838. Hassan N, Ho WK, Mariapun S, Teo SH. A cross sectional study on the motivators for Asian women to attend opportunistic mammography screening in a private hospital in Malaysia: the MyMammo study. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:548. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1892-1. Mariapun S, Ho WK, Kang PCE, Li J, Lindström S, Yip CH, Teo SH. Variants in 6q25.1 Are Associated with Mammographic Density in Malaysian Chinese Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016;25(2):327-333. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0746.

Personal life Ho and her husband gave birth to a boy in 2013. In an interview, Ho challenged the lack of support for women in STEM by stating that achieving balance between work and family is possible

Awards and recognitions 2017 - L'Oréal-UNESCO Malaysia For Women in Science Fellowship 2018 - L'Oréal-UNESCO International Rising Talent Award 2019 - Asian Scientist 100, Asian Scientist

References

External links Engineering Research at Nottingham Malaysia - Breast Cancer Screening Using Statistics video by the University of Nottingham Malaysia

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Ho Weang Kee

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Ho Weang Kee claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Ho Weang Kee before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Ho Weang Kee ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Ho Weang Kee

In research: Ho Weang Kee appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Ho Weang Kee in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Ho Weang Kee is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Academics of the University of Nottingham, Alumni of Newcastle University, Alumni of Northumbria University, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Ho Weang Kee outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “Ho Weang Kee” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Ho Weang Kee in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Ho Weang Kee means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Ho Weang Kee out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Ho Weang Kee in simple terms?

Why does Ho Weang Kee matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Ho Weang Kee?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Ho Weang Kee.