Hominimerdicola alba is an obligately anaerobic, Gram-positive, cellulose-degrading bacterium in the family Oscillospiraceae. It was originally isolated from the rumen of cattle and described as Ruminococcus albus. The species was transferred to the genus Hominimerdicola in 2026.
Taxonomy The species was described by Robert Hungate in 1957 as Ruminococcus albus. In 2026, phylogenetic, genomic and phenotypic analyses supported its transfer to Hominimerdicola as Hominimerdicola alba. LPSN treats H. alba as the correct name and R. albus as a homotypic synonym. The specific epithet alba is the feminine form of the Latin adjective albus, meaning white.
Ecology and metabolism H. alba is an important plant-fibre-degrading member of the rumen microbiota. It produces enzymes that hydrolyze plant cell-wall polysaccharides, including cellulose and hemicellulose. Fermentation of cellulose, cellobiose and glucose produces acetate, ethanol, carbon dioxide and molecular hydrogen. The species has also been used as a model for interspecies hydrogen transfer. When grown with the hydrogen-consuming bacterium Wolinella succinogenes, removal of hydrogen changes its fermentation products and increases its growth yield.
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