science

Hubli–Dharwad

Hubli–Dharwad is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Hubli–Dharwad rather than just read about it. In short: Hubli (or Hubballi) and Dharwad are twin cities in the Indian state of Karnataka. Hubli-Dharwad form the second-largest municipality and urban agglomeration of Karnataka in terms of population, after the capital Bangalore.

Key takeaways

Hubli–Dharwad belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Hubli–Dharwad to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Hubli–Dharwad from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Hubli (or Hubballi) and Dharwad are twin cities in the Indian state of Karnataka. Hubli-Dharwad form the second-largest municipality and urban agglomeration of Karnataka in terms of population, after the capital Bangalore. While Dharwad is the administrative headquarters, the city of Hubli, situated about 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Dharwad, is the commercial centre and business hub of North Karnataka. The cities have a single municipal corporation called Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC). Hubli-Dharwad has the world's longest railway platform and Dharwad is known as an educational hub of Karnataka, along with other Karnataka cities such as Udupi and Dakshina Kannada. The twin cities have the only BRTS (Bus Rapid Transit System) in Karnataka. Hubli Dharwad BRTS also known as HDBRTS serves the twin cities with a separate corridor along with city roads. Both Hubli and Dharwad have industrial estates and industrial companies with a number of factories and several services. There are three rail stations between Hubli and Dharwad: Unkal, Amargol, Navalur. The rai line passes through the foot of Nrupatunga Hills, beside Garment industries, etc. The twin cities are on track to become the first city in the country to have a Light Rail Transit (LRT) alongside the existing Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) if all goes according to plan.

Demographics The population of the twin cities as per Census 2011 is 943,788 and is urban. Hubli–Dharwad's population increased by 22.99% between 1981 and 1991, from 527,108 to 648,298, and by 21.2% between 1991 and 2001. The municipality covers 202.3 km2 (78.1 sq mi).

Climate Hubli–Dharwad has been ranked 22nd best "National Clean Air City" under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India in 2024.

Religion

At the time of the 2011 census, over two thirds of the population were Hindus. Over a quarter were Muslim, the largest minority religion. Small minorities of Christians and Jains also live here.

Administration

Hubli–Dharwad Municipal Corporation

Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation is the municipal corporation for twin cities of Hubli and Dharwad in Karnataka state in India. It was constituted in 1962 by combining the two cities separated by a distance of 20 kilometres. The area covered by the corporation is 202.3 km2 (78.1 sq mi) spread over 45 revenue villages. The population of the twin cities as per the 2011 census is 943,788 of which 474,518 are males and 469,270 are female. Total literates are 727,103 of which 382,913 are males while 344,190 are female. The average literacy rate of Hubli and Dharwad city is 86.79 per cent, of which male and female literacy was 91.12 and 82.44 per cent, respectively. Hubli–Dharwad's population increased 22.99% between 1981 and 1991, from 527,108 to 648,298, and by 21.2% between 1991 and 2001. The municipality covers 191 km2 (74 sq mi).

Economy

Industrial and business development Hubli–Dharwad is the third fastest growing city and developing industrial hub in Karnataka after the state capital, with more than 1000 allied small and medium industries established in Gokul Road and Tarihal regions of Hubli. There are machine tools industries, electrical, steel furniture, food products, rubber and leather industries, and tanning industries. To promote the overall economic development of industries, institutions and businesses, the Karnataka Chamber of Commerce & Industry was formed. It is one of the premier associations, which has been gaining momentum in achieving potential growth and prosperity in Hubli region. One key aspect of industrialisation for Hubli-Dharwad was foundation of Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs), which aimed at providing hassle-free market conditions for farmers, to establish regulated and stimulated production of agricultural related commodities and goods.

Transport

Air

Hubli Airport (IATA: HBX, ICAO: VOHB) is a domestic airport serving the twin cities of Hubli-Dharwad and North Karnataka in the state of Karnataka, India. It is situated on Gokul Road, 8 kilometres from the city center and 20 km (12 mi) from Dharwad. It is the third busiest airport in Karnataka and the 45th busiest airport in India. In March 2020, Hubli airport received the best airport award under government of India's Regional connectivity scheme. Hubli airport connects to 10 destinations throughout the country. Efforts are being taken to upgrade it to international standards.

Rail

The city currently has four stations and one Junction. The Hubli Junction railway station is the main railway station in the city with a built-up area of 161460 sq. ft. The other stations are Hubli South, Hubli East, Unkal, and Amargol. Hubli is the headquarters of the South Western Railway zone. It was carved out as a zone from the current South Central Railway. It is the centre for the Hubli Division. The Hubli Division is one of the highest revenue-generating divisions in India. Hubli is well-connected by the Indian Rail Network. Hubli, an important railway junction, has trains connecting with major cities like Mumbai, New Delhi, Varanasi, Hyderabad, Tirupati, Vijaywada, Kolkata, Chennai Rameshwaram etc. In November 2019, the work for extending a platform was undertaken by the Railways at the estimated cost of 90 Cr. According to railway officials, the length of the renewed platform is estimated at 1,400 meters, which would be longest in the world. The work is scheduled to be completed by the end of 2020. Hubli also has a Heritage Rail museum. The Indian Railways currently has 11 railway museums across the country. For bringing glory to the proposed Rail Museum, narrow-gauge Railway Rolling Stocks, from different Railways are being displayed and work is moving at a rapid pace. It is proposed to collect photographs of Rail network going back to the 19th and early 20th century so that all old memories of Rail Journey can be part of the photo gallery in the proposed Rail Heritage Museum.

Road Hubli lies on the "Golden Quadrilateral". Asian Highway 47 passes through Hubli. It lies on National Highway 63 (Ankola–Gooty) and National Highway 218 (Hubli–Humnabad), which connect Hubli with major cities in the region. NWKRTC (North West Karnataka Road Transport Corporation) is a state-run corporation headquartered at Hubli. A semi ring road connecting NH4 (Mumbai-Chennai), NH67 (Ankola–Gooty) and NH218 (Hubli–Humnabad) with cloverleaf junction at Gabbur is already under construction.

Hubli-Dharwad Bus Rapid Transit System

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Hubli–Dharwad

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Hubli–Dharwad claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Hubli–Dharwad before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Hubli–Dharwad ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Hubli–Dharwad

In research: Hubli–Dharwad appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Hubli–Dharwad in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Hubli–Dharwad is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Cities in Karnataka, Hubli–Dharwad, Twin cities, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Hubli–Dharwad outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Hubli–Dharwad in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Hubli–Dharwad means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Hubli–Dharwad out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Hubli–Dharwad in simple terms?

Why does Hubli–Dharwad matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Hubli–Dharwad?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Hubli–Dharwad.