biology

Humeral spine

Humeral spine is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Humeral spine rather than just read about it. In short: Humeral spines are ventrolateral extensions of the humeral crista ventralis. These structures are present in the humerus of some frogs (anurans).

Key takeaways

Humeral spine belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Humeral spine to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Humeral spine from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Humeral spines are ventrolateral extensions of the humeral crista ventralis. These structures are present in the humerus of some frogs (anurans). The majority of anuran species that present humeral spines are glassfrogs (family Centrolenidae) but humeral spines have been reported in various other species of different families of frogs, including Leptodactylidae and Hylidae. In all cases, humeral spines are present in males but not in females.

Description In Espadarana prosoblepon, height can range from 0.21 to 1.74 mm (0.0083 to 0.0685 in), and area from 0.009 to 0.10 mm2 (1.4×10−5 to 0.000155 sq in), correlating with body size.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Humeral spine

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Humeral spine claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Humeral spine before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Humeral spine ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Humeral spine

In research: Humeral spine appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Humeral spine in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Humeral spine is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Amphibian anatomy, Frog stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Humeral spine outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Humeral spine in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Humeral spine means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Humeral spine out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Humeral spine in simple terms?

Humeral spines are ventrolateral extensions of the humeral crista ventralis. These structures are present in the humerus of some frogs (anurans).

Why does Humeral spine matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Humeral spine?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Humeral spine.