astronomy

Hussein Naim

Hussein Naim is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Hussein Naim rather than just read about it. In short: Hussein Naim is a Lebanese-Swiss biochemist and molecular virologist, known for his research in cell biology (membrane protein sorting and internalization) and virology (measles, SARS, HIV and Influenza). He has held several leading positions at prominent universities and biotechnology centers.

Key takeaways

Hussein Naim belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Hussein Naim to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Hussein Naim from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Hussein Naim is a Lebanese-Swiss biochemist and molecular virologist, known for his research in cell biology (membrane protein sorting and internalization) and virology (measles, SARS, HIV and Influenza). He has held several leading positions at prominent universities and biotechnology centers.

Scientific career Hussein Naim received his Ph.D. degree in biochemistry from the University of Bern, Switzerland in 1989. After being appointed at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, his research focused on the (i) basis of enveloped viruses assembly, and (ii) the mechanisms of membrane protein sorting and endocytosis in polarized epithelial cells. His research was instrumental towards understanding the intracellular mechanisms of viral and membrane protein sorting in epithelial cells and the cell-surface assembly of several RNA viruses. He was appointed as a faculty member at the institute of molecular biology of the University of Zurich. His research focused on the development of novel viral vectors and therapeutic molecules that paved the way towards translational research (live recombinant vaccines and cancer virotherapy). Later, he became the director of vaccine research at Berna Biotech (now Crucell).

Publications Characteristics of the internalization signal in the Y543 influenza virus hemagglutinin suggest a model for recognition of internalization signals containing tyrosine. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 3928-3933 Apical and basolateral coated pits of MDCK cells differ in their rates of maturation into coated vesicles, but not in the ability to distinguish between hemagglutinin proteins with different internalization signals. J. Cell Biol. 129, 1241–1250. Mutations in the Middle of the Transmembrane Domain Reverse the Polarity of Transport of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin in MDCK Epithelial Cells. J. Cell Biol. 142, 51–57. Tyrosine-based Membrane Protein Sorting Signals Are Differentially Interpreted by Polarized Madin-Darby Canine Kidney and LLC-PK1 Epithelial Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 26862-26869 O-linked glycans mediate apical sorting of human intestinal sucrase-isomaltase through association with lipid rafts. Current Biology 9, 593–596. Effects of altering palmitylation sites on the biosynthesis and function of the Influenza virus Hemagglutinin. J. Virol. 66, 7585–7588. Basis for selective incorporation of glycoproteins into influenza virus envelope. J. Virol. 67, 4831-4841 Measles Viruses with Altered Envelope Protein Cytoplasmic Tails Gain Cell Fusion Competence.J. Virol. 72, 1224–1234. Chimeric Measles Viruses with a Foreign Envelope. J. Virol. 72, 2150–2159. Gene Transfer into Neurons from Hippocampal Slices. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 17, 855-871 Measles virus spreads in rat hippocampal neurons by cell-to-cell contact and in a polarized fashion. J. Virol. 76, 5720–5728. Oncolytic measles virus in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas mount anti-tumor immune responses in vivo and target interferon resistant tumor cells. Blood, 106: 2287–2294. Use of viral vectors for the development of vaccines. Exp. Rev. Vaccines, 6 (2): 255–266. Reverse genetics of measles virus and resulting multivalent recombinant vaccines. Curr. Topics Microbiol. Immun. 329, 129–162. Measles virus matrix protein specifies apical virus release and glycoprotein sorting in epithelial cells. EMBO J. 19, 3576-3585

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Hussein Naim

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Hussein Naim claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Hussein Naim before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Hussein Naim ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Hussein Naim

In research: Hussein Naim appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Hussein Naim in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Hussein Naim is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Academic staff of the University of Zurich, Lebanese emigrants to Switzerland, Living people, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Hussein Naim outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Hussein Naim in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Hussein Naim means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Hussein Naim out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Hussein Naim in simple terms?

Why does Hussein Naim matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Hussein Naim?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Hussein Naim.