astronomy

Igor Mel'čuk

Igor Mel'čuk is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Igor Mel'čuk rather than just read about it. In short: Igor Aleksandrovič Mel'čuk (sometimes Melchuk; Russian: Игорь Александрович Мельчук, Ukrainian: Ігор Олександрович Мельчук; born 1932) is a Soviet and Canadian linguist, a retired professor at the Department of Linguistics and Translation, Université de Montréal. Biography He graduated from the Moscow State University's Philological department and worked from 1956 till 1976 for the Institute of Linguistics in Moscow.

Key takeaways

Igor Mel'čuk belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Igor Mel'čuk to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Igor Mel'čuk from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Igor Aleksandrovič Mel'čuk (sometimes Melchuk; Russian: Игорь Александрович Мельчук, Ukrainian: Ігор Олександрович Мельчук; born 1932) is a Soviet and Canadian linguist, a retired professor at the Department of Linguistics and Translation, Université de Montréal.

Biography He graduated from the Moscow State University's Philological department and worked from 1956 till 1976 for the Institute of Linguistics in Moscow. He is known as one of the developers of Meaning–text theory with the seminal book published in 1974. He is also the author of Cours de morphologie générale in 5 volumes. After making statements in support of Soviet dissidents Sergey Kovalyov and Andrey Sakharov he was fired from the Institute, and subsequently emigrated from the Soviet Union in 1976. Since 1977 he has lived and worked in Canada. Melchuk is Jewish.

Works, 1984–2007 Co-authors : Arbatchewsky-Jumarie, N., Elnitsky, L., Iordanskaja, L. et Lessard, A., Dictionnaire explicatif et combinatoire du français contemporain : Recherches lexico-sémantiques I, Montréal: Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 1984. 172 pp. Co-authors : Zholkovsky, A., Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian, Vienna: Wiener Slawistischer Almanach, 1984. 992 pp. Поверхностный синтаксис русских числовых выражений — La syntaxe de surface d’expressions numériques du russe, Vienne: Wiener Slawistischer Almanach, 1985. 510 pp. Co-authors : Pertsov, N.V., Surface Syntax of English. A Formal Model within the Meaning-Text Framework, Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1987. 526 pp. Dependency Syntax : Theory and Practice, Albany, N.Y.: The SUNY Press, 1988. 428 pp. Co-authors : Arbatchewsky-Jumarie, N., Dagenais, L., Elnitsky, L., Iordanskaja, L., Lefebvre, M.-N., et Mantha, S., Dictionnaire explicatif et combinatoire du français contemporain. Recherches lexico-sémantiques II, Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 1988. 332 pp. Co-authors : Arbatchewsky-Jumarie, N., Iordanskaja, L. et Mantha, S., Dictionnaire explicatif et combinatoire du français contemporain. Recherches lexico-sémantiques III, Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 1992, 323 pp. Cours de morphologie générale, vol. 1: Introduction + Le mot. Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal — Paris: CNRS Éditions, 1993. 412 pp. Cours de morphologie générale, vol. 2: Significations morphologiques. Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal — Paris: CNRS Éditions, 1994. 458 pp. Co-authors : A. Clas, A. Polguère. Introduction à la lexicologie explicative et combinatoire, Bruxelles : Duculot, 1995, 256 pp. The Russian Language in the Meaning-Text Perspective. Wiener Slawistischer Almanach/ Škola "Jazyki russkoj kul´tury": Vienne/Moscou, 1995. 682 pp. Cours de morphologie générale, vol. 3 : Moyens morphologiques. Syntactiques morphologiques. Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal — Paris: CNRS Éditions, 1996. 326 pp. Cours de morphologie générale, vol. 4 : Signes morphologiques. Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal — Paris: CNRS Éditions, 1997, 488 pp. Vers une linguistique Sens-Texte. Leçon inaugurale. Paris : Collège de France. 1997. 78 pp. Курс общей морфологии. Том I. Введение. Часть первая: Слово. Москва: Языки русской культуры — Вена : Wiener Slawistischer Almanach. 1997. 401 сс. Курс общей морфологии. Том II. Часть вторая: морфологические значения. Москва: Языки русской культуры — Вена : Wiener Slawistischer Almanach. 1998. 543 сс. Co-authors : Arbatchewsky-Jumarie, N., Iordanskaja, L., Mantha, S. et Polguère, A. Dictionnaire explicatif et combinatoire du français contemporain. Recherches lexico-sémantiques IV, Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 1999. 347 pp. Курс общей морфологии. Том III. Часть третья: морфологические средства; Часть четвёртая: морфологические синтактики. Москва: Языки русской культуры — Вена : Wiener Slawistischer Almanach. 2000. 367 сс. Cours de morphologie générale, vol. 5 : Modèles morphologiques. Montréal: Les Presses de l’Université de Montréal — Paris: CNRS Éditions, 2000. 492 pp. Курс общей морфологии. Том IV. Часть пятая: морфологические знаки. Москва: Языки славянской культуры — Вена: Wiener Slawistischer Almanach, 2001. 580 сс. Communicative Organization in Natural Language. The Semantic-Communicative Structure of Sentences. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins, 2001. 393 pp. Курс общей морфологии. Том V. Часть шестая: морфологические модели. Часть седьмая: Принципы морфологического2 описания. Москва: Языки славянских культур — Вена: Wiener Slawistischer Almanach, 2006. 542 ss. Aspects of the Theory of Morphology. Berlin—New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2006. 615 pp. Co-authors : Л. Иорданская, Смысл и сочетаемость в словаре = Le sens et la cooccurrence dans le dictionnaire. Москва: Языки славянских культур, 2007. 665 сс.

References

Elie Feuerwerker & Igor A. Mel'cuk. "Prison culturelle". Idées, Le Monde, 27 juin 1984, p. 2.

External links http://www.olst.umontreal.ca/melcuk/

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Igor Mel'čuk

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Igor Mel'čuk claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Igor Mel'čuk before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Igor Mel'čuk ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Igor Mel'čuk

In research: Igor Mel'čuk appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Igor Mel'čuk in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Igor Mel'čuk is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1932 births, Academic staff of the Université de Montréal, Canadian people of Russian descent, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Igor Mel'čuk outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Igor Mel'čuk in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Igor Mel'čuk means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Igor Mel'čuk out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Igor Mel'čuk in simple terms?

Why does Igor Mel'čuk matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Igor Mel'čuk?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Igor Mel'čuk.