science

Innokenti Gerasimov

Innokenti Gerasimov is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Innokenti Gerasimov rather than just read about it. In short: Innokenti Petrovich Gerasimov (Russian: Герасимов, Иннокентий Петрович; 9 December 1905, in Kostroma – 30 March 1985, in Moscow) was a Soviet geographer and pedologist, professor, academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1953). He was a creator of "constructive geography" – a new scientific direction, which was focused on the problems of conservation and using nature.

Key takeaways

Innokenti Gerasimov belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
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Connect Innokenti Gerasimov to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Innokenti Gerasimov from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Innokenti Petrovich Gerasimov (Russian: Герасимов, Иннокентий Петрович; 9 December 1905, in Kostroma – 30 March 1985, in Moscow) was a Soviet geographer and pedologist, professor, academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1953). He was a creator of "constructive geography" – a new scientific direction, which was focused on the problems of conservation and using nature. According to him, constructive geography was formed in the era of the scientific and technological revolution, when geographical science had more complicated tasks, which should cover activity of many branches of the economy and change of many components of nature and society in the territory of very extensive and various regions.

Biography He graduated from Leningrad State University (1926). Gerasimov participated in expeditions to Kazakhstan, Middle Asia, Western Siberia, on Ural, Far East and other. He traveled to Western Europe, India, China, Japan, Ceylon, Senegal, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Guinea, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, United States, Mexico, New Zealand, Australia. Gerasimov also was known for his work in geomorphology, the study of the earth's surface relief. As the director of the Institute of Geography since 1951, he directed research used in planning regional development projects and the building of towns and railroads. In 1964 he was elected a Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. He was honored with an Order of Lenin and the State Prize of the USSR in 1973.

Research

Innokenti Gerasimov was known as the specialist in conservation and changing the natural environment. On the need of environmental protection, Innokentiy Gerasimov had spoken at a meeting of the Department of Earth Sciences, Soviet Academy of Sciences, on February 16, 1965. He has discussed the anthropogenic influence of paper industries on an ecosystem of Lake Baikal. In his report, there was an alarming warning about the increase of industrial and domestic wastewaters from 11 to 60 km3 per year for 20 years. Taking into account the need for dilution and subsequent self-cleaning of 5–10 times the amount of clean water meant a threat of an acute water crisis in especially important industrial regions of the country. Innokentiy Gerasimov was supporters of the idea of Soviet ecologist Stanislav Shwarts, that the industrial needs of the Soviet Union made impossible the total preservation of its natural environment. According to him the Natural Environment should be modified by humans to provide all people's needs and the nature reserves (zapovedniki) should keep untouched environment.

Books and articles Armand D., Gerasimov I., Preobrazhensky V. Prognostication and geographical science // Geographical prognostication: problems and prospects. Moscow, 1986. Pp. 23–30. Gerasimov I.P., Gindin A.M. The problem of transferring runoff from Northern and Siberian rivers to the arid regions of the European USSR, Soviet Central Asia and Kazakhstan // Environmental effects of complex river development. Boulder, 1977. P. 59-70. Gerasimov I. P. A Soviet plan for nature // Natural History. 1969. Vol. 78. N 10. P. 24-35. Структурные черты рельефа земной поверхности на территории СССР и их происхождение, М., 1959; Преобразование природы и развитие географической науки в СССР, М., 1967.

Literature Sobisevich A. V., Snytko V. A. Some aspects of nature protection in the scientific heritage of academician Innokentiy Gerasimov // Acta Geographica Silesiana. 2018. Vol. 29. # 1. P. 55–60.

External links (in Russian) Innokenti Gerasimov - Great Soviet Encyclopedia Innokenti Gerasimov books by Innokenti Petrovich Gerasimov - bookfinder.com

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Innokenti Gerasimov

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Innokenti Gerasimov claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Innokenti Gerasimov before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Innokenti Gerasimov ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Innokenti Gerasimov

In research: Innokenti Gerasimov appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Innokenti Gerasimov in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Innokenti Gerasimov is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1905 births, 1985 deaths, 20th-century geographers, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Innokenti Gerasimov outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Innokenti Gerasimov in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Innokenti Gerasimov means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Innokenti Gerasimov in simple terms?

Why does Innokenti Gerasimov matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Innokenti Gerasimov?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Innokenti Gerasimov.