science

International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas rather than just read about it. In short: The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), a member of CGIAR, supported by the CGIAR Fund, is a non-profit agricultural research institute that aims to improve the livelihoods of the resource-poor across the world's dry areas. History ICARDA's origins began in April 1972 when the Technical Advisory Committee of CGIAR (then known as the Consultative Group on International Agricultur…

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Reference excerpt

The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), a member of CGIAR, supported by the CGIAR Fund, is a non-profit agricultural research institute that aims to improve the livelihoods of the resource-poor across the world's dry areas.

History ICARDA's origins began in April 1972 when the Technical Advisory Committee of CGIAR (then known as the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research) expressed interest in agricultural research in the Near East and North Africa. TAC identified the semi-arid winter rainfall zone of the region as an important ecological area with specific crops and significant agricultural challenges which were not adequately addressed by any of the international agricultural research centers at the time. TAC selected Professor Dunstan Skilbeck to head a study during March and April 1973. The Skilbeck Mission recommended the establishment of a new agricultural research center to deal with the agricultural issues of the region. TAC recommended the establishment of an international center in Lebanon. The eruption of the Lebanese Civil War in 1975 prevented the establishment of a center in Lebanon. The president of Syria Hafez al-Assad who had hoped to secure his own country's agriculture by working with this new institution made an attractive offer of free land for the center to the south of Aleppo. In 1977, ICARDA's headquarters were established in Tel Hadya, Syria. Today ICARDA's research activities include the development of new crop varieties, water harvesting, conservation agriculture, the diversification of production systems, integrated crop/rangeland/livestock production systems, and the empowerment of rural women. ICARDA was forced to re-locate again in 2012 due to the Syrian civil war. The center established headquarters in Beirut after leaving Aleppo in 2012.

Decentralization ICARDA's decentralization builds on the Center's existing organization.

Integrated research platforms As part of its decentralization, ICARDA has established integrated research platforms that address research priorities in each region, but serve dry areas globally through collaboration and partnerships with national programs, advanced research institutions, and other partners in the development and dissemination of international public goods. The Center has developed four major Platforms, including the headquarters: Headquarters (West Asia): ICARDA has established temporary headquarters in Beirut, Lebanon, and expanded facilities and activities in Lebanon, Turkey and Jordan. North Africa, with a Platform in Morocco: Building on the existing partnership with INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), and focused on the intensification and diversification of rainfed cereal-based production systems. Sub-Saharan Africa, with a Platform in Ethiopia: Building on the partnership with ILRI in the CRP on Livestock and Fish and on-going collaboration with the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR). South Asia, with a Platform in India: Building on the existing partnership with ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), and focused especially on food legumes systems.

Thematic research locations Under ICARDA's decentralization strategy, the Center is operating four additional research locations with specific themes: Egypt, for high-input agriculture: a platform with a targeted focus on high-input irrigated agricultural systems, building on collaborative research on irrigated wheat improvement and irrigated systems management. Turkey, Central Asia and Iran, for Winter Wheat and Winter Barley: a distinct environment with high altitude and highland agro-ecologies with severe winters particularly suitable for breeding winter wheat and winter barley. Turkey/ICARDA Cereal Rusts Research Center in Izmir: Providing expertise on wheat rusts through the Regional Cereal Rust Research Center within the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, part of Turkey's Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock. Founded in 2017. Sudan Heat Tolerance Research Location: This research location breeds heat-tolerant wheat and food legume varieties, in collaboration with Sudan's Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC)

Awards 2015 – Gregor Mendel Award 2017 – Olam Prize for Innovation in Food Security 2020 – Safaa Kumari, ICARDA's plant virologist, was recognised in 2020 by the BBC for her work in creating virus-resistant plants.

See also Future Harvest Consortium to Rebuild Agriculture in Afghanistan

References

External links ICARDA's Official website

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

In research: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Agricultural research institutes, Agriculture in Lebanon, Agriculture in Syria, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

What is International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas in simple terms?

Why does International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

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Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas.