science

Mass media in Libya

Mass media in Libya is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Mass media in Libya rather than just read about it. In short: Mass media in Libya describes the overall environment for the radio, television, telephone, Internet, and newspaper markets in Libya. The control of the media by Colonel Gaddafi's regime came to an end after the fall of Tripoli in August 2011, resulting in a mushrooming of new media outlets.

Key takeaways

Mass media in Libya belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Mass media in Libya to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Mass media in Libya from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Mass media in Libya describes the overall environment for the radio, television, telephone, Internet, and newspaper markets in Libya. The control of the media by Colonel Gaddafi's regime came to an end after the fall of Tripoli in August 2011, resulting in a mushrooming of new media outlets. Journalists are still experiencing extortion and blackmail, and are subject to assassinations since the beginning of the second civil war circa 2012 - 2016. Libya has adopted a few media laws outlawing the slander of the 17th February revolution, and active political parties that used to have affiliation with Gaddafi. [Update 2016]: On 2013, Sharia law was adopted by Islamic Supreme court of Tripoli. Internet censorship has been invoked. Since the second civil war, journalists have been persecuted through kidnapping, assassination, and blackmail. Media outlets have been bombed and some strafed with small arms fire, over the course of 2013 - 2016. Freedom of speech has suffered a few blows since the killing of activists and bloggers making the country unsafe to freely report news or protest. These events appear to have happened during the period when Islamic brotherhood - or "more inclined to Islamic values" GNC political parties led by Nouri Abusahmein, who have issued a number of reforms or decrees that would formulate a more Islamic nation in Tripoli, that led to the creation of more fundamentalist laws (such as Internet censorship and adaptation of vague rules in reporting news banning critique of the February 17th revolution). However, due to the breakup of country politically and the infighting between militia and authorities, and the rivalry to the Muslim brotherhood or, simply known as 'more salafi or fundamentalist Islamists' parties or groups, the country has fragmented in a plethora of different political beliefs. Including, the laws recently adopted by the Libyan Supreme court that affect the running of the country, which do not represent the rights and interests of all Libyan people, but seemingly, only the Islamic majority. As of 2016, the new Unity government of national accord led by Faiez Seraj agreed to and organised with the help of the UN, is attempting to bring about political unity between the HoR of Tobruk and other governments to assess unity in the country, by removing the illegitimate and expired governments set up during the second civil war (such as Nouri Abusahmein's GNC), to in good faith re-balance the Libyan crisis.

Radio First radio service began in 1939 in Libya.

Libya Radio and Television (LRT) is the successor to the Gaddafi-era state broadcaster. Dozens of radio outlets, many privately owned, broadcast from Libyan cities and from Middle East media hubs. The BBC World Service Arabic broadcasts on 91.5 FM in Tripoli, Benghazi, and Misrata. Radio stations

Al Aan FM: Broadcasts on 105.3 MHz, covering Al Bayda, Al Marj, Benghazi, Misrata, Labraq, Nalut, Sabha, Susah, Tobruk and Tripoli. Allibya FM Libya FM - Egypt-based Libya Radio and Television (LRT) - state-run, operates Radio Libya, Al-Shababiyah, Al-Itha'ah al-Wataniya LJBC Radio Tribute FM: an English-language internet station broadcasting from Benghazi Voice of Africa Voice of Free Libya - Benghazi-based, Al-Bayda, Misurata Radio

1.35 million (1997)

Television

Libyan Radio and Television (LRT) is the successor to the Gaddafi-era state broadcaster. More than 20 TV stations, many privately owned, broadcast from Libyan cities and from Middle East media hubs.

Television receivers

889,232 receivers, 149 per 1000 inhabitants (2005) Television broadcast stations

Allibya TV Libya TV - a.k.a. Libya al-Ahrar; Qatar-based satellite station, launched in April 2011. Homepage[link removed] Libya al-hurra TV Archived 6 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine Libya Al-Wataniya TV - state-run Libya Radio and Television (LRT) - state-run Al-Asimah TV - private

Telephones In the course of the 2011 Libyan civil war, the government severed the physical communications links between the rebel-held east and the rest of Libya. However, the newer and less centralised Libyana network held copies of the HLR and engineers were able to restore some local services. With some assistance from the international community, and funded by an expatriate Libyan, a limited international service became available in mid-April. NTC officials were reported to be negotiating with Qtel, the Qatari-owned service provider, to restore full service to the rebel-held areas.

Telephones

814,000 fixed subscriptions, 12.58 per 100 inhabitants (2012) 1,228,300 fixed subscriptions, 19.33 per 100 inhabitants (2010) 9.6 million mobile cellular subscriptions, 148.19 per 100 inhabitants (2012) 10.9 million mobile cellular subscriptions, 171.52 per 100 inhabitants (2010) Mobile telephone operators

Al Madar Archived 2 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine Libyana International dialing code: +218

Internet

Facebook, X, and YouTube played important roles in bringing news to the world audience during the revolt. Facebook remains a favorite platform to view and comment on the news.

Internet censorship was applied in 2013 blocking 'pornographic material' however was found to block other non pornographic related websites, including proxy sites and some political websites that belonged to rival groups / governments. [references outdated] Please update

Social Media users

1,115,025 users, 19.9% of the population (2012) 904,604 users, 14.0% (2010) Fixed broadband Internet subscriptions

67,300 subscriptions, 111th in the world, 1.0 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (2012) 72,800 subscriptions, 98th in the world, 1.2 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (2010) Internet hosts

17,926 hosts, 121st in the world (2012) 17,787 hosts, 122nd in the world (2011) IPv4 addresses allocated

299,008 addresses, 105th in the world, 44.4 per 1000 inhabitants (2012) Top-level domain

.ly Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

The Internet and telecommunications are mainly run by the government through a semi-private telecommunication company Libya Telecom & Technology. The company moderates and controls the use of the Internet in Libya.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Mass media in Libya

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Mass media in Libya claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Mass media in Libya before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Mass media in Libya ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Mass media in Libya

In research: Mass media in Libya appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Mass media in Libya in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Mass media in Libya is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Mass media by country, Mass media in Africa by country, Mass media in Libya, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Mass media in Libya outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Mass media in Libya in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Mass media in Libya means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Mass media in Libya out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Mass media in Libya in simple terms?

Why does Mass media in Libya matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Mass media in Libya?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Mass media in Libya.