engineering

Islamic Consultative Assembly

Islamic Consultative Assembly is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Islamic Consultative Assembly rather than just read about it. In short: The Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Persian: مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران, romanized: Majles-e Shurâ-ye Eslâmi Iran), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles or Majlis, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 18 February 2000 election.

Key takeaways

Islamic Consultative Assembly belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Islamic Consultative Assembly to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Islamic Consultative Assembly from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Persian: مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران, romanized: Majles-e Shurâ-ye Eslâmi Iran), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles or Majlis, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 18 February 2000 election.

History

Islamic Republic of Iran Following the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the Senate of Iran was abolished and effectively succeeded by the Guardian Council, maintaining the bicameral structure of the Iranian legislature. In the 1989 constitutional revision, the National Consultative Assembly was renamed the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Since the Iranian Revolution, the Parliament of Iran has been led by six chairmen. Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani served as the inaugural chairman from 1980 to 1989. Subsequently, Mehdi Karroubi held the position in two separate terms (1989–1992 and 2000–2004), followed by Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri (1992–2000), Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel (2004–2008), Ali Larijani (2008–2020), and, since 2020, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf. Throughout its history, the parliament's character has evolved from being a "debating chamber for notables" to a "club for the shah's placemen" during the Pahlavi era. In the era of the Islamic Republic, it has shifted to being a body primarily influenced by members of the "propertied middle class."

2017 attack

On 7 June 2017, there were shootings at the Iranian parliament and at the shrine of Ayatollah Khomeini. Gunmen opened fire at the Iranian Parliament and the mausoleum of religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini in Tehran. The attack on the mausoleum reportedly left 17 persons dead and more than 30 people injured. The parliament was attacked by four gunmen which left seven to eight people injured. Both attacks took place around the same time and appear to have been coordinated.

2026 shutdown and claimed coup d'état

In 2026, the parliament was shut down following the outbreak of the Iran war. Ayatallah Nabavian, the national security commissioner, claimed that a coup d'état was in progress. There were plans to reopen the parliament after 9 July, but it remained shut down, as reported by an MP, due to the government wanting to prevent interference with negotiations with the United States over the Islamabad Memorandum. After 137 days, it conducted a nightly session, and its members approved of a motion permitting future sessions to be held by teleconference. They also suspended Iran's commitments to the Memorandum and called for revenge over Ali Khamenei's assassination. The National Security Commission called for the deaths of American leaders, the development of nuclear weapons, and the expansion of the war. The parliament appointed Ebrahim Azizi as the new chief of the Commission, and Abas Moghtadae as deputy..

Functions The Islamic Consultative Assembly holds the authority to legislate laws on all matters within the boundaries defined by the Constitution. Nevertheless, it is restricted from enacting laws that contradict the fundamental principles of the official religion of the nation (Shia Islam) or the Constitution itself. Government bills are submitted to the Islamic Consultative Assembly only after obtaining the approval of the Council of Ministers. The Islamic Consultative Assembly possesses the prerogative to investigate and scrutinize all matters concerning the country. International treaties, protocols, contracts, and agreements necessitate approval from the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Sanctioning and obtaining national or international loans or grants by the government requires ratification from the Islamic Consultative Assembly. The President must secure a vote of confidence from the Assembly, through a Council of Ministers approval, upon forming the government and prior to conducting any other business. In the event that at least one-fourth of the total members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly raise a question to the President, or if any Assembly member poses a question to a minister regarding their duties, the President or the minister is obligated to attend the Assembly and address the query. All legislation endorsed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly must be submitted to the Guardian Council. Within a maximum of ten days from its receipt, the Guardian Council must review the legislation to ensure its compatibility with Islamic criteria and the Constitution. If any incompatibility is identified, the legislation is returned to the Assembly for further review. Otherwise, the legislation is deemed enforceable. The Mellat Polling Center is an affiliated institution of the Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. It provides public opinion research to support evidence-based legislation and policymaking.

Eligibility People need to sign up online and upload their university degree document. Candidates need to be 30 at least and 75 years maximum, have a master's degree or equal Level 3 Islamic seminary, and be Iranian born.

Membership

Currently, there are 290 members of Parliament, elected for a four-year term. There are five seats reserved for religious minorities (1.7% of the total members), with two for the Armenians and one each for the Assyrians, Jews and Zoroastrians. The parliament can force the dismissal of cabinet ministers through no-confidence votes and can impeach the president for misconduct in office. Although the executive proposes most new laws, individual deputies of the parliament also may introduce legislation. Deputies also may propose amendments to bills being debated. The parliament also drafts legislation, ratifies international treaties, and approves the national budget. All candidates running for election, and proposed legislation from the assembly must be approved by the Guardian Council. Candidates must pledge in writing that they are committed, in theory and in practice, to the Iranian constitution.

Constituencies

The parliament currently has 207 constituencies, including the five reserved seats for religious minorities. The remaining 202 constituencies are territorial, each covering one or more of Iran's 368 counties.

Leadership

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Islamic Consultative Assembly

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Islamic Consultative Assembly claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Islamic Consultative Assembly before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Islamic Consultative Assembly ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Islamic Consultative Assembly

In research: Islamic Consultative Assembly appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Islamic Consultative Assembly in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Islamic Consultative Assembly is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1979 establishments in Iran, Buildings and structures in Tehran, Islamic Consultative Assembly, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Islamic Consultative Assembly outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Islamic Consultative Assembly in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Islamic Consultative Assembly means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Islamic Consultative Assembly out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Islamic Consultative Assembly in simple terms?

Why does Islamic Consultative Assembly matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Islamic Consultative Assembly?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Islamic Consultative Assembly.