science

J-113,397

J-113,397 is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand J-113,397 rather than just read about it. In short: J-113,397 is an opioid drug which was the first compound found to be a highly selective antagonist for the nociceptin receptor, also known as the ORL-1 receptor. It is several hundred times selective for the ORL-1 receptor over other opioid receptors, and its effects in animals include preventing the development of tolerance to morphine, the prevention of hyperalgesia induced by intracerebroventricular administratio…

Key takeaways

J-113,397 belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect J-113,397 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of J-113,397 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

J-113,397 is an opioid drug which was the first compound found to be a highly selective antagonist for the nociceptin receptor, also known as the ORL-1 receptor. It is several hundred times selective for the ORL-1 receptor over other opioid receptors, and its effects in animals include preventing the development of tolerance to morphine, the prevention of hyperalgesia induced by intracerebroventricular administration of nociceptin (orphanin FQ), as well as the stimulation of dopamine release in the striatum, which increases the rewarding effects of cocaine, but may have clinical application in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Synthesis Patents for treating arrhythmia:

Condensation between 1-Benzyl-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-piperidone [57611-47-9] (1) and O-Phenylenediamine (2) gives CID:16726310 (3). Reaction with boc anhydride followed by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid gives CID:16726358 (4). Reaction with iodoethane in the presence of base alkylates the urea nitrogen giving CID:16726359 (5). Reduction of the enamine by treatment with magnesium metal in methanol solvent occurs to give predominantly the trans isomer, CID:16726360 (6). Catalytic removal of the benzyl group gives CID:16726362 (7). Reductive amination with Cyclooctanecarbaldehyde [6688-11-5] (7) gives CID:16726364 (9). Lastly, reduction of the ester with lithium aluminium hydride completed the synthesis of J-113397 (10).

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with J-113,397

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what J-113,397 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to J-113,397 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about J-113,397 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of J-113,397

In research: J-113,397 appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses J-113,397 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: J-113,397 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Benzimidazoles, Eight-membered rings, Nociceptin receptor antagonists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for J-113,397 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study J-113,397 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what J-113,397 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain J-113,397 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is J-113,397 in simple terms?

Why does J-113,397 matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study J-113,397?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on J-113,397.