science

J. D. Chesswas

J. D. Chesswas is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand J. D. Chesswas rather than just read about it. In short: John Douglas Chesswas MBE (1919 – 28 February 2009) was a British author, linguist and policy advisor in Uganda. He was regarded as a pioneer in the development of the writing of the Luganda language, and held prominent positions in the Ugandan colonial government of the day.

Key takeaways

J. D. Chesswas belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect J. D. Chesswas to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of J. D. Chesswas from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

John Douglas Chesswas MBE (1919 – 28 February 2009) was a British author, linguist and policy advisor in Uganda. He was regarded as a pioneer in the development of the writing of the Luganda language, and held prominent positions in the Ugandan colonial government of the day. He also worked as a leading educational evaluation theorist for programmes in the developing world. Chesswas was awarded an MBE in the 1965 New Year Honours. Chesswas was born in 1919. He served in Indian Army Pioneer Corps during World War II and was promoted from a private soldier to 2nd lieutenant in January 1941. He died in Wiltshire, England in February 2009.

Orthography of Luganda Chesswas was the author of "The Essentials of Luganda" (1954); the third (1963) and fourth (1967) editions of which are commonly used as a textbook for courses in Luganda language. Chesswas was employed by the Luganda Language Board as a teacher of Luganda when, in 1949, the Government for the Uganda Protectorate began to offer free courses in Luganda to any officer wishing to take up the study. Recognising the lack of teachers in the language, Chesswas took the opportunity to publish a textbook for stations where no teachers of the language were available. Chesswas cites Sir Apolo Kagwa's Engero z’Abaganda and Michael B. Nsimbi's Olulimi Olugand as his major sources, and acknowledges Nsimbi as his primary aid in developing the text. With Nsimbi, Chesswas went on to produce An explanation of the Standard Orthography of Luganda; first written for The Eagle Press in 1958, and published as a book in 1963, with second, third and fourth (1985) editions.

Educational evaluation Chesswas spent 19 years in the education service of Uganda, predominantly as Provincial Education Officer of Buganda, and then as Officer in Charge of the Educational Planning Unit within the Ministry of Education. He was subsequently appointed to UNESCO on the staff of the International Institute of Educational Planners, where, as a theorist in the field of educational evaluation, he authored a number of important books and articles, collaborating with other notable theorists such as Raymond Lyons, Jacques Hallak and John Vaizey.

List of works Chesswas's works include:

Changing the existing educational system: some basic implications for the educational planner (1966) Educational planning and development in Uganda (1966) Productivity and the teacher (1967) Educational structures in English-speaking developing countries in Africa (1967) The Costing of educational plans (1967), with John Vaizey Methodologies of educational planning for developing countries (1968) Are there really too many teachers? (1970) Planning and implementation of educational development within governmental and educational administration: Uganda (1970) Tanzania: factors influencing change in teachers' basic salaries (1972) Uganda: behaviour of non-teacher recurring expenditure (1972), with Jacques Hallak Educational development: Pakistan (1974) Planning the distribution of primary educational services: Trinidad and Tobago - (mission) 10–21 March 1975 Prospects for educational development: Barbados - (mission) (1977), with Everard, Kimmins & Taylor

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with J. D. Chesswas

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what J. D. Chesswas claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to J. D. Chesswas before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about J. D. Chesswas ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of J. D. Chesswas

In research: J. D. Chesswas appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses J. D. Chesswas in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: J. D. Chesswas is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1919 births, 2009 deaths, 20th-century British linguists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for J. D. Chesswas outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study J. D. Chesswas in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what J. D. Chesswas means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain J. D. Chesswas out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is J. D. Chesswas in simple terms?

Why does J. D. Chesswas matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study J. D. Chesswas?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on J. D. Chesswas.