astronomy

James L. Gulley

James L. Gulley is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand James L. Gulley rather than just read about it. In short: James L. Gulley is an American cancer researcher and the Director of the Medical Oncology Service at National Cancer Institute.

Key takeaways

James L. Gulley belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect James L. Gulley to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of James L. Gulley from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

James L. Gulley is an American cancer researcher and the Director of the Medical Oncology Service at National Cancer Institute.

Early life and education He graduated from Loma Linda University, California and his M.D./Ph.D. Medical Scientist Training Program, at National Institutes of Health (NIH) and his dissertation on tumor immunology. Later, Gulley did his residency in internal medicine at Emory University in 1998, followed by a medical oncology fellowship at the NCI.

Research and career Gulley did his research in immunotherapy for prostate cancer. His studies involved the use of cancer vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitors or other strategies to enhance vaccine-mediated killing. Since 1999, he ran clinical trials at the NCI, serving as Principal Investigator or an Associate Investigator on approximately 40 trials. He is also running studies on cancer patients.

Publications He published over 250 research papers & book chapters across leading journals. Some of his notable publications are listed below:

Overall survival analysis of a phase II randomized controlled trial of a Poxviral-based PSA-targeted immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer Randomized phase II trial of docetaxel plus thalidomide in androgen-independent prostate cancer Combining a recombinant cancer vaccine with standard definitive radiotherapy in patients with localized prostate cancer Phase I study of sequential vaccinations with fowlpox-CEA (6D)-TRICOM alone and sequentially with vaccinia-CEA (6D)-TRICOM A randomized phase II study of concurrent docetaxel plus vaccine versus vaccine alone in metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer. Immunologic and prognostic factors associated with overall survival employing a poxviral-based PSA vaccine in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer Ipilimumab and a poxviral vaccine targeting prostate-specific antigen in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial

FDA approval At the 2010 ASCO meeting Gulley and his group reported on the use of Ipilimumab with a vector-based vaccine for treating advanced prostate cancer. This phase I trial using PSA-TRICOM with Ipilimumab (Ipi) showed promise for Overall Survival (OS). Ipi is used in melanoma vaccine clinical trials. It was approved by the FDA in March 2011.

Awards He received Presidential Early Career Award for Science and Engineering “For randomized, controlled studies using novel, recombinant vaccines to reduce the progression of prostate and other cancers and increase survival.” He received Federal Laboratory Consortium Excellence in Federal Technology Transfer Award, a national award for “Development of first immunotherapy to treat chordoma, a rare bone cancer.”

References

External links Staff page at the Center for Cancer Research

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with James L. Gulley

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what James L. Gulley claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to James L. Gulley before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about James L. Gulley ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of James L. Gulley

In research: James L. Gulley appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses James L. Gulley in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: James L. Gulley is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Cancer researchers, Living people, Loma Linda University alumni, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for James L. Gulley outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study James L. Gulley in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what James L. Gulley means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain James L. Gulley out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is James L. Gulley in simple terms?

James L. Gulley is an American cancer researcher and the Director of the Medical Oncology Service at National Cancer Institute.

Why does James L. Gulley matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study James L. Gulley?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on James L. Gulley.