astronomy

Janice Bishop

Janice Bishop is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Janice Bishop rather than just read about it. In short: Janice Bishop is a planetary scientist known for her research into the minerals found on Mars. Education and career In 1988, Bishop earned a B.S. in chemistry and an M.S. in Applied Earth Science from Stanford University.

Key takeaways

Janice Bishop belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Janice Bishop to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Janice Bishop from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Janice Bishop is a planetary scientist known for her research into the minerals found on Mars.

Education and career In 1988, Bishop earned a B.S. in chemistry and an M.S. in Applied Earth Science from Stanford University. She earned her Ph.D. from Brown University in 1994 and then was a postdoctoral associate at the German Aerospace Center in Berlin until 1997. From 1997 to 1999 she was a fellow at the National Aeronautics Space Agency (NASA) Ames Research Center before becoming a research scientist at the SETI Institute. Starting in 2015 she joined the Science Council at the SETI Institute and is a contractor at the NASA Ames Research Center.

In 2020 she was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union for: ...enabling the discovery of phyllosilicates on Mars and for making critical discoveries regarding the climate history of Mars

Research Bishop uses Raman spectroscopy to examine minerals that may be found on Mars and examines minerals on Earth that serve as proxies for conditions on Mars. Through this research Bishop has analyzed water in minerals such as montmorillonite and used hyperspectral imaging to identify phyllosilicates on minerals from Earth. On Mars, Bishop's research revealed these phyllosilicates are indicative of the presence of water. In 2011, Bishop examined carbonate rocks in the Mojave Desert as an analogue for conditions that may occur on Mars and her subsequent research revealed the wide-spread presence of rocks with carbonate on Mars which could be indicative of potential life on Mars. Using data from instruments on the Curiosity rover, Bishop and colleagues found presence of glauconitic clays which only form in bodies of water that remain still for long periods of time. In 2021, Bishop determined that dark streaks on Mars, called recurring slope lineae, can be the result of the interactions of sulfates and chlorine salts that absorb water, a condition that leads to landslides.

Selected publications Bishop, Janice L.; Pieters, Carlé M.; Edwards, John O. (1 December 1994). "Infrared Spectroscopic Analyses on the Nature of Water in Montmorillonite". Clays and Clay Minerals. 42 (6): 702–716. Bibcode:1994CCM....42..702B. doi:10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420606. S2CID 1748775. Bishop, J. L.; Dobrea, E. Z. N.; McKeown, N. K.; Parente, M.; Ehlmann, B. L.; Michalski, J. R.; Milliken, R. E.; Poulet, F.; Swayze, G. A.; Mustard, J. F.; Murchie, S. L.; Bibring, J.-P. (8 August 2008). "Phyllosilicate Diversity and Past Aqueous Activity Revealed at Mawrth Vallis, Mars". Science. 321 (5890): 830–833. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..830B. doi:10.1126/science.1159699. PMC 7007808. PMID 18687963. Bishop, J. L.; Lane, M. D.; Dyar, M. D.; Brown, A. J. (March 2008). "Reflectance and emission spectroscopy study of four groups of phyllosilicates: smectites, kaolinite-serpentines, chlorites and micas". Clay Minerals. 43 (1): 35–54. Bibcode:2008ClMin..43...35B. doi:10.1180/claymin.2008.043.1.03. S2CID 97373731. Bishop, J. L.; Yeşilbaş, M.; Hinman, N. W.; Burton, Z. F. M.; Englert, P. A. J.; Toner, J. D.; McEwen, A. S.; Gulick, V. C.; Gibson, E. K.; Koeberl, C. (February 2021). "Martian subsurface cryosalt expansion and collapse as trigger for landslides". Science Advances. 7 (6) eabe4459. Bibcode:2021SciA....7.4459B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abe4459. PMC 7857681. PMID 33536216.

Awards and honors Kavli Fellow (2008) Helmholtz International Fellow Award (2013) Marion L. and Chrystie M. Jackson Mid-Career Clay Scientist Award, The Clay Minerals Society (2016) Fellow, Geological Society of America (2018) Fellow, Mineralogical Society of America (2018) Fellow, American Geophysical Union (2020) G. K. Gilbert Award for outstanding contributions to planetary geology (2021)

References

External links Janice Bishop publications indexed by Google Scholar Surface of Mars - Janice Bishop (SETI Talks) on YouTube, August 28, 2009

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Janice Bishop

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Janice Bishop claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Janice Bishop before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Janice Bishop ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Janice Bishop

In research: Janice Bishop appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Janice Bishop in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Janice Bishop is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics American geologists, Brown University alumni, Fellows of the American Geophysical Union, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Janice Bishop outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Janice Bishop in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Janice Bishop means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Janice Bishop out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Janice Bishop in simple terms?

Janice Bishop is a planetary scientist known for her research into the minerals found on Mars. Education and career In 1988, Bishop earned a B.S. in chemistry and an M.S. in Applied Earth Science from Stanford University.

Why does Janice Bishop matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Janice Bishop?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Janice Bishop.