biology

Jared Roach

Jared Roach is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Jared Roach rather than just read about it. In short: Jared C. Roach is an American biologist who invented the pairwise end sequencing strategy while a graduate student at the University of Washington.

Key takeaways

Jared Roach belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Jared Roach to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Jared Roach from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Jared C. Roach is an American biologist who invented the pairwise end sequencing strategy while a graduate student at the University of Washington.

Education and early career Roach attended Cornell University, where he received his Bachelor of Science in biology in 1990. He then attended the University of Washington, where he received his PhD in immunology in 1998, and his MD in 1999. He trained in internal medicine at the University of Utah through 2001.

Career Starting as a graduate student in the 1990s, Roach worked on the Human Genome Project from its early days through its conclusion in 2003. He invented pairwise end-sequencing while a graduate student in Leroy Hood's laboratory. Roach was a senior fellow at the department of molecular biotechnology at the University of Washington from 1999 to 2000. In 2001, he became a research scientist at the Institute for Systems Biology. In 2009, Roach was first author on a project which sequenced the whole genomes of a family of four, including two children affected by Miller syndrome and primary ciliary dyskinesia. This effort identified the cause of Miller syndrome, a simple recessive Mendelian disorder. It also produced the first complete whole-chromosomal parental haplotypes in humans. Parental haplotyping is the process of assigning all the variants in the genome to paternal and maternal chromosomes. The team applied these techniques to identify genetic mutations related to several genetic diseases, including genes for Adams–Oliver syndrome, alternating hemiplegia of childhood, certain subtypes of epilepsy, palmoplantar keratoderma, and Fanconi anemia. From 2007 to 2009, he was scientific director of the High-Throughput Analysis Core (HAC) laboratory at Seattle Children's Hospital. Since 2009, he has been a senior research scientist at the Institute for Systems Biology. Roach's group currently applies systems biology to complex genetic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. In 2020, Roach was involved in a project to map out the molecular phylogenetics of Washington state's initial SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.

Selected publications Roach has authored more than 70 publications with over 9000 citations.

Aparicio, S.; Chapman, J.; Stupka, E.; Putnam, N.; Chia, J. M.; Dehal, P.; Christoffels, A.; Rash, S.; Hoon, S.; Smit, A.; Gelpke, M. D.; Roach, J.; Oh, T.; Ho, I. Y.; Wong, M.; Detter, C.; Verhoef, F.; Predki, P.; Tay, A.; Lucas, S.; Richardson, P.; Smith, S. F.; Clark, M. S.; Edwards, Y. J.; Doggett, N.; Zharkikh, A.; Tavtigian, S. V.; Pruss, D.; Barnstead, M.; et al. (2002). "Whole-genome shotgun assembly and analysis of the genome of Fugu rubripes". Science. 297 (5585): 1301–10. Bibcode:2002Sci...297.1301A. doi:10.1126/science.1072104. PMID 12142439. S2CID 10310355. Roach, J. C.; Glusman, G.; Rowen, L.; Kaur, A.; Purcell, M. K.; Smith, K. D.; Hood, L. E.; Aderem, A. (2005). "The evolution of vertebrate Toll-like receptors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (27): 9577–82. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.9577R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0502272102. PMC 1172252. PMID 15976025. Roach, J. C.; Boysen, C.; Wang, K.; Hood, L. (1995). "Pairwise end sequencing: A unified approach to genomic mapping and sequencing". Genomics. 26 (2): 345–53. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80219-c. PMID 7601461. Roach, J. C.; Glusman, G.; Smit, A. F.; Huff, C. D.; Hubley, R.; Shannon, P. T.; Rowen, L.; Pant, K. P.; Goodman, N.; Bamshad, M.; Shendure, J.; Drmanac, R.; Jorde, L. B.; Hood, L.; Galas, D. J. (2010). "Analysis of genetic inheritance in a family quartet by whole-genome sequencing". Science. 328 (5978): 636–9. Bibcode:2010Sci...328..636R. doi:10.1126/science.1186802. PMC 3037280. PMID 20220176. Roach, J. C.; Glusman, G.; Hubley, R.; Montsaroff, S. Z.; Holloway, A. K.; Mauldin, D. E.; Srivastava, D.; Garg, V.; Pollard, K. S.; Galas, D. J.; Hood, L.; Smit, A. F. (2011). "Chromosomal haplotypes by genetic phasing of human families". American Journal of Human Genetics. 89 (3): 382–97. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.07.023. PMC 3169815. PMID 21855840. Roach, J. C. (1995). "Random subcloning". Genome Research. 5 (5): 464–73. doi:10.1101/gr.5.5.464. PMID 8808467.

References

External links List of publications authored by Jared Roach while at the Institute for Systems Biology

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Jared Roach

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Jared Roach claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Jared Roach before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Jared Roach ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Jared Roach

In research: Jared Roach appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Jared Roach in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Jared Roach is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 21st-century American biologists, American systems biologists, Cornell University alumni, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Jared Roach outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Jared Roach in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Jared Roach means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Jared Roach out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Jared Roach in simple terms?

Jared C. Roach is an American biologist who invented the pairwise end sequencing strategy while a graduate student at the University of Washington.

Why does Jared Roach matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Jared Roach?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Jared Roach.