earth science

Jennifer Harden

Jennifer Harden is a earth science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Jennifer Harden rather than just read about it. In short: Jennifer Harden is geologist known for her research on soils, particularly tracking changes in soil profiles over time and the role of soil systems in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Education and career Harden earned her BS (1976), MS (1979), and PhD (1982) from the University of California, Berkeley.

Key takeaways

Jennifer Harden belongs to earth science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
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Reproduce the core statement of Jennifer Harden from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Jennifer Harden is geologist known for her research on soils, particularly tracking changes in soil profiles over time and the role of soil systems in carbon and nitrogen cycling.

Education and career Harden earned her BS (1976), MS (1979), and PhD (1982) from the University of California, Berkeley. Following her PhD, she joined the United States Geological Survey where she became a scientist emeritus in 2013. Harden was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2011. In 2015, Harden was elected a fellow of the American Geophysical Union who cited her "for fundamental contributions to quantitative understanding of soils in global change and carbon cycling".

Research Harden's PhD research used different properties of the soil to establish a "profile development index" or "soil development index" which can be used to track changes in soil over millions of years. Harden and others use this to track the age of soils and changing climate conditions. Harden's research has also considered carbon lost from soils in forests and cropland, and the capture of carbon in soil during deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The connections between fire in boreal forests and carbon is another focus of Harden's research. She has examined the impact of burning and permafrost in soils and assessed the level of organic carbon transferred to the atmosphere from soils in Alaskan forests and peatland. With Margaret Torn, Harden co-advised Asmeret Berhe in her research on soil erosion which showed that erosion allow soils to store more carbon. Harden has also quantified the amount of carbon and nitrogen that would be released under different future climate scenarios from Gelisols, soils impacted by permafrost. Through collaborative research projects, Harden has quantified the amount of soil organic carbon stored in permafrost and the release of this organic carbon under warming climate conditions.

Selected publications Harden, J. W.; Trumbore, S. E.; Stocks, B. J.; Hirsch, A.; Gower, S. T.; O'neill, K. P.; Kasischke, E. S. (December 2000). "The role of fire in the boreal carbon budget: FIRE IN THE BOREAL CARBON BUDGET". Global Change Biology. 6 (S1): 174–184. Bibcode:2000GCBio...6S.174H. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.06019.x. PMID 35026928. S2CID 86434480. Harden, Jennifer W. (1 July 1982). "A quantitative index of soil development from field descriptions: Examples from a chronosequence in central California". Geoderma. 28 (1): 1–28. Bibcode:1982Geode..28....1H. doi:10.1016/0016-7061(82)90037-4. ISSN 0016-7061. Schuur, E. A. G.; McGuire, A. D.; Schädel, C.; Grosse, G.; Harden, J. W.; Hayes, D. J.; Hugelius, G.; Koven, C. D.; Kuhry, P.; Lawrence, D. M.; Natali, S. M.; Olefeldt, D.; Romanovsky, V. E.; Schaefer, K.; Turetsky, M. R.; Treat, C. C.; Vonk, J. E. (April 2015). "Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback". Nature. 520 (7546): 171–179. Bibcode:2015Natur.520..171S. doi:10.1038/nature14338. hdl:1874/330256. PMID 25855454. S2CID 4460926.

Awards and honors Fellow, American Geophysical Union (2015) Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (2011)

References

External links Jennifer Harden publications indexed by Google Scholar

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Jennifer Harden

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Jennifer Harden claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In earth science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Jennifer Harden before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Jennifer Harden ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Jennifer Harden

In research: Jennifer Harden appears in earth science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Jennifer Harden in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Jennifer Harden is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 20th-century births, American climatologists, Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Jennifer Harden outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Jennifer Harden in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Jennifer Harden means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Jennifer Harden out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Jennifer Harden in simple terms?

Jennifer Harden is geologist known for her research on soils, particularly tracking changes in soil profiles over time and the role of soil systems in carbon and nitrogen cycling. Education and career Harden earned her BS (1976), MS (1979), and PhD (1982) from the University of California, Berkeley.

Why does Jennifer Harden matter?

Because it connects several earth science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Jennifer Harden?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Jennifer Harden.