chemistry

Johan Fredrik Gram

Johan Fredrik Gram is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Johan Fredrik Gram rather than just read about it. In short: Johan Fredrik Gram (14 April 1868 – 27 December 1947) was a Norwegian chemist. Personal life He was born in Drammen as a son of Jens Gram.

Key takeaways

Johan Fredrik Gram belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Johan Fredrik Gram to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Johan Fredrik Gram from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Johan Fredrik Gram (14 April 1868 – 27 December 1947) was a Norwegian chemist.

Personal life He was born in Drammen as a son of Jens Gram. He was a brother of Mads Gram, a maternal grandson of P. A. Munch and a paternal great-grandson of Jens Jensen Gram, a nephew of Andrea Gram and a second cousin of Harald Gram. His aunt Nicoline was married to Eilif Peterssen. In October 1896 he married Elisabeth Cappe Schram. She was the older sister of his brother Mads' wife Irma.

Career He finished his secondary education in 1887, studied in Kristiania and Berlin, and took the dr.philos. degree in 1892 at the University of Jena. Between 1898 and 1903 he lived in Fredrikstad and was a co-owner of "Fredriksstad Trækulfabrik", an enterprise trying to produce charcoal from debris from the sawmills. The factory was torn down in 1903 and Gram and his family moved to Oslo. He was hired as the head chemist of the Norwegian State Railways in December 1908. He is also known for his research on the coal at Svalbard, harvested by Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani from 1916. Gram was also admitted into the exclusive skiing-based social club SK Ull in 1895. He served as deputy chairman from 1926 to 1928, and chairman from 1928 to 1933 and 1935 to 1940.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Johan Fredrik Gram

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Johan Fredrik Gram claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Johan Fredrik Gram before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Johan Fredrik Gram ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Johan Fredrik Gram

In research: Johan Fredrik Gram appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Johan Fredrik Gram in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Johan Fredrik Gram is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1868 births, 1947 deaths, Chemist stubs, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Johan Fredrik Gram outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “Johan Fredrik Gram” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study Johan Fredrik Gram in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Johan Fredrik Gram means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Johan Fredrik Gram out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Johan Fredrik Gram in simple terms?

Johan Fredrik Gram (14 April 1868 – 27 December 1947) was a Norwegian chemist. Personal life He was born in Drammen as a son of Jens Gram.

Why does Johan Fredrik Gram matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Johan Fredrik Gram?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Johan Fredrik Gram.