chemistry

John Albert Newton Friend

John Albert Newton Friend is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand John Albert Newton Friend rather than just read about it. In short: John Albert Newton Friend (20 July 1881 – 15 April 1966) was a British chemist and educator who specialized in the chemistry of corrosion and its prevention. He was among the first to note that chromium enhances the corrosion resistance of steel.

Key takeaways

John Albert Newton Friend belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect John Albert Newton Friend to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of John Albert Newton Friend from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

John Albert Newton Friend (20 July 1881 – 15 April 1966) was a British chemist and educator who specialized in the chemistry of corrosion and its prevention. He was among the first to note that chromium enhances the corrosion resistance of steel. He edited a multi-volume textbook of inorganic chemistry. Friend was born in Newton Abbott, son of a Methodist clergyman Hilderic Friend, and after the family moved to Birmingham, he was educated there at King Edwards' School and then went to Birmingham University, receiving a BSc in 1902 and MSc in 1903. His teachers included John Henry Poynting and Percy Frankland. He taught for a while at Watford Grammar School to enable him to pay for his study at the University of Würzburg, receiving a doctorate in 1908. He then taught chemistry at the Darlington Technical School until 1912 when he became headmaster at the Victoria Institute Science and Technical Schools, Worcester. During World War I, he served with the Royal Engineers. He moved to the Birmingham Technical College in 1920 and worked there until his retirement in 1946. During World War II, he was involved in training members of the Home Guard on chemical warfare. Friend wrote a number of popular books on chemistry and worked especially on corrosion and its prevention, colloid chemistry, electrochemistry, as well as inorganic chemical reactions. Outside of chemistry, he also took an interest in the history of witchcraft, Birmingham, recreational mathematics and numerology:

The Theory of Valency, 1909 An Introduction to the Chemistry of Paints, London, 1910 Elementary Domestic Chemistry, London, 1911 The Corrosion of Iron and Steel, London, 1911 Editor: Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, 22 volumes, London, 1914–1930 The Chemistry of Linseed Oil, London, 1917 The Chemistry of Combustion, London, 1922 Iron in Antiquity, London, 1926 A Textbook of Physical Chemistry, 2 volumes, London, 1932–1935, reprinted 1948 Man and the Chemical Elements, London, 1951 Numbers: Fun and Facts, New York, 1954 Words. Tricks and Traditions, New York, 1957 Science Data, London, 1960 More Numbers; Fun and Facts, New York, 1961 Demonology, Sympathetic Magic and Witchcraft, London, 1961 Still More Numbers: Fun and Facts, New York, 1964

References

External links Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry (volume-part) 1 3 3-2 4 5 6-1 7-1 7-3 9-1 10 11-1 11-2

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with John Albert Newton Friend

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what John Albert Newton Friend claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to John Albert Newton Friend before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about John Albert Newton Friend ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of John Albert Newton Friend

In research: John Albert Newton Friend appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses John Albert Newton Friend in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: John Albert Newton Friend is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1881 births, 1966 deaths, British chemists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for John Albert Newton Friend outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study John Albert Newton Friend in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what John Albert Newton Friend means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain John Albert Newton Friend out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is John Albert Newton Friend in simple terms?

Why does John Albert Newton Friend matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study John Albert Newton Friend?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on John Albert Newton Friend.