astronomy

J. C. Flügel

J. C. Flügel is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand J. C. Flügel rather than just read about it. In short: John Carl Flugel (born John Carl Flügel; 13 June 1884 – 6 August 1955) was a British experimental psychologist and a practising psychoanalyst. Early life Flügel was born in Liverpool on 13 June 1884, to a German father and English mother.

Key takeaways

J. C. Flügel belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect J. C. Flügel to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of J. C. Flügel from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

John Carl Flugel (born John Carl Flügel; 13 June 1884 – 6 August 1955) was a British experimental psychologist and a practising psychoanalyst.

Early life Flügel was born in Liverpool on 13 June 1884, to a German father and English mother.

Work Flügel's book Psychoanalytic Study of the Family (1921) was acclaimed by Eric Berne for its insights into the Oedipus complex. He also published Men and their Motives (1934) and The Psychology of Clothes (1930), the latter continuing to influence thinking on the subject into the 21st century. In Man, Morals and Society (1945), Flugel charted a movement from egocentrism to social awareness by way of what he saw as a hierarchy of expanding loyalties. Reaching back to his old mentor, he also highlighted “the distinction that McDougall has sometimes made between an 'ideal', which is little more than an intellectual assent to a moral proposition, and a 'sentiment', which involves a real mobilisation”. He coined the phrase "Great Male Renunciation" (French: Grande Renonciation masculine) in 1930, referring to the historical phenomenon at the end of the 18th century in which wealthy Western men stopped using bright colors, elaborate shapes and variety in their dress, which were left to women's clothing. Instead, men concentrated on minute differences of cut, and the quality of the plain cloth. It is considered a major turning point in the history of clothing, in which the men relinquished their claim to adornment and beauty.

Personal life In 1913 Flügel married Ingeborg Klingberg, who also became a psychoanalyst. They had one daughter. Flügel died in London in 1955.

References

Further reading Graham Richards, Flügel, John Carl (1884–1955), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. FLUGEL, John Carl, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, accessed 30 Jan 2012

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with J. C. Flügel

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what J. C. Flügel claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to J. C. Flügel before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about J. C. Flügel ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of J. C. Flügel

In research: J. C. Flügel appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses J. C. Flügel in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: J. C. Flügel is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1884 births, 1955 deaths, 20th-century British psychologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for J. C. Flügel outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Ask Teacher Smith questions about this articleOpens your AI tutor with a question about “J. C. Flügel” →

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study J. C. Flügel in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what J. C. Flügel means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain J. C. Flügel out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is J. C. Flügel in simple terms?

John Carl Flugel (born John Carl Flügel; 13 June 1884 – 6 August 1955) was a British experimental psychologist and a practising psychoanalyst. Early life Flügel was born in Liverpool on 13 June 1884, to a German father and English mother.

Why does J. C. Flügel matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study J. C. Flügel?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on J. C. Flügel.