astronomy

John Frederick Dewey

John Frederick Dewey is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand John Frederick Dewey rather than just read about it. In short: John Frederick Dewey (born 22 May 1937) is a British structural geologist and a strong proponent of the theory of plate tectonics, building upon the early work undertaken in the 1960s and 1970s. He is widely regarded as an authority on the development and evolution of mountain ranges.

Key takeaways

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Reproduce the core statement of John Frederick Dewey from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

John Frederick Dewey (born 22 May 1937) is a British structural geologist and a strong proponent of the theory of plate tectonics, building upon the early work undertaken in the 1960s and 1970s. He is widely regarded as an authority on the development and evolution of mountain ranges.

Biography Dewey was educated at Bancroft's School and Queen Mary and Imperial College at the University of London where he was awarded a BSc and PhD in geology. Following a period as lecturer at the University of Manchester (1960–64), the University of Cambridge (1964–1970) and Memorial University of Newfoundland (1971), Dewey was appointed Professor of Geology at the State University of New York at Albany. During this period he produced a series of classic papers centred on the history of the Appalachians in Newfoundland as well as the Scottish and Irish Caledonides. In later years, his research has concentrated upon producing a model to describe the development and orogenic history of the Himalayan mountain range. Dewey returned to the UK in 1982 as Professor of Geology at the University of Durham, a position he held for four years. Like an earlier Durham geologist, Lawrence Wager, Dewey was appointed Professor of Geology at the University of Oxford (and Fellow of University College) in 1986, a position he held until his resignation in 2000. Since then he has returned to the US as Professor of Geology at the University of California, Davis, although he maintains a position as Senior Research Fellow at University College, Oxford. John Dewey was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London (FRS) in 1985 and has received numerous medals and awards, notably the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society of London (that society's highest award) in 1999 and the Penrose Medal of the Geological Society of America (1992). Dewey was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1997, is a Member of the Royal Irish Academy and is a Corresponding Member of the Australian Academy of Science (2011).

Selected publications Bird, J. M.; Dewey, J. F. (1970). "Lithosphere Plate-Continental Margin Tectonics and the Evolution of the Appalachian Orogen". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 81 (4): 1031–60. Bibcode:1970GSAB...81.1031B. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1970)81[1031:lpmtat]2.0.co;2. Dewey, J.F., Bird, J.M. (1970). "Mountain belts and new global tectonics". Journal of Geophysical Research. 75 (14): 2625–2685. Bibcode:1970JGR....75.2625D. doi:10.1029/JB075i014p02625.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Dewey, J.F., Burke, K. (1973). "Tibetan, Variscan and Precambrian basement reactivation: products of continental collision". Journal of Geology. 81 (6): 683–692. Bibcode:1973JG.....81..683D. doi:10.1086/627920. S2CID 128770759.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Dewey, J. F. (1975). "Finite plate evolution: some implications for the evolution of rock masses at plate margins". American Journal of Science. 275-A: 260–284. Dewey, J. F.; Pitman, W. C.; Ryan, W. B. F.; Bonnin, J. (1975). "Plate Tectonics and the Evolution of the Alpine System: Discussion and Reply". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 86 (5): 719–720. Bibcode:1975GSAB...86..719A. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1975)86<719:PTATEO>2.0.CO;2. Karson, J.; Dewey, J. F. (1978). "Coastal Complex, western Newfoundland: An Early Ordovician oceanic fracture zone". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 89 (7): 1037–1049. Bibcode:1978GSAB...89.1037K. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89<1037:CCWNAE>2.0.CO;2. Dewey, John F.; Kennedy, Michael J.; Kidd, William S.F. (1983). "A geotraverse through the Appalachians of northern Newfoundland" (PDF). In Nicholas Rast; Frances M. Delany (eds.). Profiles of Orogenic Belts. Geodynamics Series. Vol. 10. American Geophysical Union. Dewey, J. F.; Shackleton, R. M. (1984). "A model for the evolution of the Grampian tract in the early Caledonides and Appalachians". Nature. 312 (5990): 115–121. Bibcode:1984Natur.312..115D. doi:10.1038/312115a0. S2CID 4246028. Dewey, J.F.; Shackleton, Robert M.; Chengfa, Chang; Yiyin, Sun (1988). "The Tectonic Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, A. 327 (1594): 379–413. Bibcode:1988RSPTA.327..379D. doi:10.1098/rsta.1988.0135. S2CID 122295871. Dewey, J. F.; Ryan, P. D.; Andersen, T. B. (1993). "Orogenic uplift and collapse, crustal thickness, fabrics and metamorphic phase changes: the role of eclogites". Geological Society of London, Special Publications. 76 (1): 325–343. Bibcode:1993GSLSP..76..325D. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1993.076.01.16. S2CID 55985869. Van Staal, C. R.; Dewey, J. F.; MacNiocall, C.; McKerrow, W. S. (1998). "The Cambrian-Silurian tectonic evolution of the northern Appalachian and British Caledonides". Geological Society of London, Special Publications. 143: 199–242. Dewey, J. F.; Mange, M. (1999). "Petrography of Ordovician and Silurian sediments in the western Irish Caledonides: tracers of a short-lived Ordovician continent-arc collision orogeny and the evolution of the Laurentian Appalachian-Caledonian margin". Geological Society of London, Special Publications. 164 (1): 55–107. Bibcode:1999GSLSP.164...55D. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.164.01.05. S2CID 129574741. Dewey, J. F. (2002). "Transtension in Arcs and Orogens". International Geology Review. 44 (5): 402–438. Bibcode:2002IGRv...44..402D. doi:10.2747/0020-6814.44.5.402. S2CID 129426691. Dewey, J. F. (2005). "Orogeny can be very short". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (43): 15286–15293. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10215286D. doi:10.1073/pnas.0505516102. PMC 1266104. PMID 16126898.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with John Frederick Dewey

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what John Frederick Dewey claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to John Frederick Dewey before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about John Frederick Dewey ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of John Frederick Dewey

In research: John Frederick Dewey appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses John Frederick Dewey in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: John Frederick Dewey is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1937 births, 20th-century British geologists, 21st-century British geologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for John Frederick Dewey outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study John Frederick Dewey in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what John Frederick Dewey means in your own words.
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Frequently asked questions

What is John Frederick Dewey in simple terms?

Why does John Frederick Dewey matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study John Frederick Dewey?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on John Frederick Dewey.