chemistry

John M. Hayes (scientist)

John M. Hayes (scientist) is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand John M. Hayes (scientist) rather than just read about it. In short: John Michael Hayes (September 6, 1940 – February 3, 2017) was an American oceanographer. He worked at Indiana University Bloomington, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

Key takeaways

John M. Hayes (scientist) belongs to chemistry; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect John M. Hayes (scientist) to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of John M. Hayes (scientist) from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

John Michael Hayes (September 6, 1940 – February 3, 2017) was an American oceanographer. He worked at Indiana University Bloomington, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

Education Hayes was educated at Iowa State University graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry in 1962. He completed his postgraduate education in analytical chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) where he was awarded a PhD in 1966 for analysis of organic constituents of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples using mass spectrometry while under the supervision of Klaus Biemann.

Career and research Hayes made the first measurements of the distribution of the isotopes of carbon within biolipids. This innovation provided a foundation for new studies of the pathways of carbon in natural environments, both modern and ancient. Because the production of organic matter requires concomitant production of oxygen or some other oxidized product, Hayes's studies of the carbon cycle bear strongly on the development of the global environment and provide evidence about the timing of evolutionary events such as the development of O2-producing photosynthesis. For 26 years he was a professor in the departments of chemistry and geology at Indiana University Bloomington, then moved to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. During his career he has held academic appointments at Harvard University, the University of California, Los Angeles and the University of California, Berkeley.

Death Hayes died on February 3, 2017, at his home in Berkeley, California, from pulmonary fibrosis at age 76.

Awards and honours Hayes was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States in 1998 and received the Alfred E. Treibs Award and V. M. Goldschmidt Award from the Geochemical Society in 1998 and 2002, respectively. With Geoffrey Eglinton he was awarded the Urey Medal from the European Association for Geochemistry in 1997. He was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 2016.

Tributes Beginning in 2019, the Organic Geochemistry Division of the Geochemical Society is given an annual award in Hayes's name to a mid-career scientist for outstanding accomplishments that draw together multiple fields of investigation to advance biogeochemical science.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with John M. Hayes (scientist)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what John M. Hayes (scientist) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to John M. Hayes (scientist) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about John M. Hayes (scientist) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of John M. Hayes (scientist)

In research: John M. Hayes (scientist) appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses John M. Hayes (scientist) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: John M. Hayes (scientist) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1940 births, 2017 deaths, American geochemists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for John M. Hayes (scientist) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study John M. Hayes (scientist) in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what John M. Hayes (scientist) means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain John M. Hayes (scientist) out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is John M. Hayes (scientist) in simple terms?

Why does John M. Hayes (scientist) matter?

Because it connects several chemistry ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study John M. Hayes (scientist)?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on John M. Hayes (scientist).