The Joint Entrance Examination – Main (JEE–Main), formerly All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE), is an Indian standardized computer-based test for admission to various technical undergraduate programs in engineering, architecture, and planning across colleges in India. The exam is conducted by the National Testing Agency for admission to B.Tech, B.Arch, B.Planning etc. programs in premier technical institutes such as the National Institutes of Technology (NITs), Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs) and Government Funded Technical Institutes (GFTIs) which are based on the rank secured in the JEE–Main. It is usually conducted twice every year: Session 1 and Session 2 (commonly known as January session and April session). It also serves as a preliminary selection and eligibility test for qualifying JEE (Advanced) for admission to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs). Since mid 2019, the JEE has been conducted fully online as a computerized test. Before the NTA, the JEE was administered by the Central Board of Secondary Education.
History The AIEEE was introduced in 2002, since the newly established NITs, IIITs and GFTIs wanted an entrance examination paper of a higher standard than the Common Engineering Test (CET), which was formerly used for admission to all non-IIT engineering colleges and some state government colleges (by a few states), including RECs and IIITs, owing mostly to the rising competition and the goal of maintaining the exclusiveness of such institutes of national importance. On 22 November 2010, it was officially announced that the AIEEE 2011 exam would also include an optional computer-based test. In May 2011, when AIEEE 2011 was conducted, it was the first time the exam offered computer-based testing as an option. On 28 May 2012, the AIEEE was officially renamed JEE–Main, and IIT-JEE was renamed JEE-Advanced; the JEE–Main had become the screening exam for JEE-Advanced; the first test with this change was conducted in 2013. Until 2018, the exam was held both in pen and paper and CBT modes, as well as was held in the first week of April by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). It is conducted by National Testing Agency in CBT mode only from 2018 onwards. The 2020 and 2021 exams were postponed and conducted later in the same years, due to the coronavirus pandemic. 2021 was the only year throughout JEE–Main history, when a maximum of 4 attempts were given to students. In general, for the rest of the years, most students took the JEE–Main exam in either 1 or 2 attempts, even though a maximum of 3 attempts is allowed during two consecutive years.
Structure The examination consists of only two papers: Paper 1 for B.E./B.Tech courses and Paper 2 for B.Arch and B.Planning courses. A candidate can opt for any or both the papers. Paper 1 is a mandatory computer based test (CBT) (called online mode) from 2018 onwards. Until 2018, there was an option between offline pen and paper mode and online computer mode. The examination was conducted offline pen and paper mode only till 2010. In 2011, as per the orders of the Ministry of Human Resource Development, CBSE conducted Paper 1 in Computer Based Test (CBT) mode for the first one lakh candidates who opted for the same, while the remaining students took the examination in the conventional pen and paper mode. The number of attempts which a candidate can avail at the examination is limited to three in consecutive years. As of 2018, the top 2,24,000 rankers of JEE–Main will qualify to take the second and final level of examination: JEE-Advanced. this number of 2.24 lakh is not fixed this may vary as per difficulty level of paper of JEE–Main. In 2010, the Ministry of Human Resource Development announced plans to replace JEE with a common entrance test for all government engineering colleges which will be called Indian Science Engineering Eligibility Test (ISEET), by 2013. Accordingly, MHRD proposes to set up National Testing Service, which will be an autonomous and self-sustained agency to conduct this new common entrance test. The JEE–Main also serves as a preliminary requisite examination for JEE-Advanced. In 2024, NTA reduced the JEE Main syllabus to reduce pressure and stress among students and to meet the same syllabus structure as that of the revised NCERT books. In the latest 2025 Information brochure, the syllabus remained same as of 2024 but NTA reduced the number of question in Section - B of Paper - 1 (B.E/B-Tech) from 5 out 10 questions (to be attempted) to 5 out of 5 questions (compulsory) with negative marking.
Languages The exam is offered in thirteen languages, namely English, Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Irregularities and Misconduct
2011 incident In 2011, CBSE postponed the exam by a few hours after the questions were leaked in Lucknow, Utter pradesh the night before. CBSE sent alternative questions to exam centres. CBSE announced the postponement of the exam 60 minutes before the scheduled start of the examination.
JEE (Main) 2020 Assam topper scam In 2020, Neel Nakshatra Das, a candidate for JEE–Main, used a substitute to give the exam. He subsequently scored 99.8 percentile in the exam and topped in his state, Assam. Seven people were arrested, including Bhargav Deka, the owner of a city-based coaching institute, Global Edu Light, Tata Consultancy Services employees, the candidate (Neel Nakshatra Das), Neel's father, Jyotirmoy Das, and an invigilator.
JEE (Main) 2022 technical glitches National Testing Agency (NTA) was widely criticized for the improper conduction of the JEE–Main 2022 examination. Many students faced technical glitches during the examination, which resulted in lower scores. Glitches in answer key and response sheet of the exam were also a serious problem for the students. The agency did not consider re-conduction of the examination.
Apparent Misconduct and Irregularity in JEE (Main) 2024 NTA has been criticized for irregularities in the difficulty level of question papers of JEE(Main), which leads to the normalization of marks and ultimately, lower scores of candidates.
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