engineering

Jumper's Bastion

Jumper's Bastion is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Jumper's Bastion rather than just read about it. In short: Jumper's Bastion may refer to one of two adjacent bastions in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. They were both created in 1785 on the sites of previous constructions and named for a British captain who was one on the first on shore during the capture of Gibraltar in 1704.

Key takeaways

Jumper's Bastion belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Jumper's Bastion to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Jumper's Bastion from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Jumper's Bastion may refer to one of two adjacent bastions in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. They were both created in 1785 on the sites of previous constructions and named for a British captain who was one on the first on shore during the capture of Gibraltar in 1704.

History

The bastions (north and south) are located along the Line Wall Curtain on the West Side of Gibraltar. They take their name from a Captain William Jumper who was one of the first officers to land ashore and capture the existing Spanish bastion on this site during the Capture of Gibraltar in August 1704. According to George Hills, the first two captains to come ashore were called Juniper (sic) and Hicks. They were sent by Captain Edward Whitaker when he saw that the Spanish guns covering the New Mole had been put out of action.

North Jumper's Bastion

The Spanish called the northern bastion Santa Cruz Bastion; it was designed by the Florentine military architect Giovan Giacomo Paleari Fratino in 1575. After being captured by the British in 1704 and renamed the Eight Gun Battery, it was rebuilt in 1785. In 1841, General Sir John Thomas Jones produced a report on Gibraltar's fortifications in which he proposed enlarging North Jumper's Bastion to its current proportions. It was rebuilt between 1844–7 into a demi-bastion with two flanks and one face. The long south flank has embrasures for six guns, underneath which are six casemated bombproof barracks, each with room for 32 men. Several ancillary rooms are also provided on the north and south flanks. Musketry embrasures were provided along the face and north flank. For a while, it was envisaged that the bastion would be replaced with a 24-gun flat bastion incorporating casemated barracks, along with a realignment of the curtain wall, but this was never realised.

South Jumper's Bastion

The southern bastion was also rebuilt in 1785 on the site of an old sea gate. It has a flat face that runs parallel to the curtain wall and is more akin to a platform than a bastion, as it was designed to be defended through musket fire only. Accommodation is more modest than the northern bastion but it is on two levels and on two sides only. In December 2017, the Government of Gibraltar announced that South Jumper's Bastion would form the basis of a new studio complex for the Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation, which broadcasts GBC TV and Radio Gibraltar.

References

External links

Illustrations

Jumper's Bastion: The northern bastion — The northern bastion

Jumper's Bastion: the southern bastion — the southern bastion

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Jumper's Bastion

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Jumper's Bastion claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Jumper's Bastion before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Jumper's Bastion ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Jumper's Bastion

In research: Jumper's Bastion appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Jumper's Bastion in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Jumper's Bastion is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1785 establishments in the British Empire, Bastions in Gibraltar, Buildings and structures completed in 1785, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Jumper's Bastion outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Jumper's Bastion in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Jumper's Bastion means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Jumper's Bastion out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Jumper's Bastion in simple terms?

Why does Jumper's Bastion matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Jumper's Bastion?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Jumper's Bastion.