Justly Watson (c. 1710–1757) was an English army officer and military engineer in the British Army, rising to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the Royal Engineers. He served beside his father Jonas Watson, an officer in the Royal Artillery, at the Siege of Gibraltar in 1727. He joined the Royal Engineers in 1732, served at Carthagena, and in the futile attempt on Cuba, in 1741, and the attack on Panama in 1742. He was stationed at Jamaica from 1742 to 1744, surveyed Darien and Florida in 1743, and served in the descent on Brittany in 1746. He was appointed chief engineer in the Medway Division in 1748, and reported on the West African stations from 1755 to 1756. He was stationed in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in 1757, and died there, probably from coffee poisoned by a black female domestic.
Origins
Justly Watson was the son of Colonel Jonas Watson, by his wife Miriam (bapt. 1686, died 1754), daughter of John and Anne West. Jonas Watson (1663–1741), served over fifty years in the Royal Artillery, and after distinguishing himself, first in the campaigns of William III in Ireland and in Flanders, and then in those of Marlborough, succeeded to the command of the artillery of the train. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel on 17 March 1727, and commanded the artillery at the Siege of Gibraltar in that year. He was employed in the command of the artillery on several expeditions until he was killed at the Siege of Carthagena on 30 March 1741. He bequeathed his books, maps, and "instruments relating to the affairs of artillery" to his son. He left a widow, Miriam, and a family of children. His widow was granted a pension of 40l. per annum in acknowledgment of her husband's services.
Life Justly Watson was born about 1710. He entered the ordnance train as a cadet gunner about 1726, and served during the Siege of Gibraltar in 1727 under his father, who commanded the ordnance train there. On 13 June 1732 he received a warrant as practitioner-engineer, and was promoted to be sub-engineer on 1 November 1734. He received a commission as ensign in Harrison's Foot on 3 February 1740, and in June was appointed to the ordnance train of the conjoint expedition, under Lord Cathcart and Sir Chaloner Ogle, to join Vice-admiral Vernon in the West Indies. He spent some months in the Isle of Wight in instructing the men of the train. He sailed on 26 October and arrived at Jamaica on 9 January 1741.
Carthagena
Watson accompanied the expedition under General Wentworth, who had succeeded to the command on Cathcart's death, to Carthagena in South America, Jonas Moore being chief engineer. He took part in the operations from 9 March to 16 April 1741. At the siege and assault on 25 March of Fort St. Louis, he accompanied the successful storming column. Once the troops had fairly occupied the fort, orders were given to destroy the boom across the mouth of Boca-Chica harbour, the end of which had been covered by the work; then the British fleet was able to enter the port. Watson was also present at the attack on other works in the harbour, and at the assault of Fort Lazar, the citadel of the town, where on the morning of 9 April a column of twelve hundred men led by General Guise found themselves opposite the very strongest front of the fort, with ladders too short to attempt the escalade. The attempt was a complete failure, and after a loss of 600 men killed and wounded, they were forced to retire. Watson, who at the time held only an ensign's commission in the army, so greatly distinguished himself in the siege that the General gave him a lieutenant's commission as a reward for his gallantry. This was recorded under date, "Head-quarters, La Quinta, April 10th, 1741", and named him "Lieutenant in Major-General Harrison's Regiment of Foot".
Jamaica, Cuba, Florida
Watson returned to Jamaica on 19 May 1741. He was promoted to be engineer-extraordinary on 11 August, when he was serving in the expedition to Cuba. He returned to Jamaica in November. In March 1742 he sailed from Jamaica in the abortive expedition, under Vernon and Wentworth, to attack Panama, landing at Portobello. Watson made a plan of the town, harbour, and fortifications of Portobello, which is in the King's Library in the British Museum. On his return to Jamaica, and the recall of the expedition to England in September, he took charge of the works at Jamaica as chief engineer there, and his plans of Charles Fort and the Port Royal peninsula are in the archives of the war office. In 1743 he visited Darien and Florida, under special orders, and made surveys and reports as to their defence. His plan of the harbour of Darien and adjacent country on the Isthmus, where Paterson's Scottish company settled in 1698, and his survey in two sheets of the coast from Fort William, near St. Juan River, to Mosquito River, with a plan of the town of St. Augustine, are in the British Museum. Watson returned to Jamaica, and was promoted to be engineer in ordinary on 8 March 1744. He sent to the board of ordnance a plan of Port Royal with its fortifications. He went back to England in the autumn of 1744, and was promoted to be captain-lieutenant in Harrison's Foot on 24 December 1745.
L'Orient On 30 April 1746 Watson joined the conjoint expedition under Admiral Richard Lestock and Lieutenant-general St. Clair for North America. This was intended to be an expeditionary force, which on its arrival in America should be joined by colonial troops, to be raised for the purpose, but the mobilisation was delayed, and it was decided that the season was too late for the operation to be undertaken during that year. So that the extensive preparations should not be wasted, it was determined to make a descent on the coast of Brittany instead, and attack L'Orient, the port where all the ships and stores of the French East India Company were assembled.
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