science

Justus Perthes

Justus Perthes is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Justus Perthes rather than just read about it. In short: Johann Georg Justus Perthes (11 September 1749 – 2 May 1816) was a German publisher and founder of the publishing house that bears his name. Life He was born in the Thuringian town of Rudolstadt, the son of a Schwarzburg court physician.

Key takeaways

Justus Perthes belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Justus Perthes to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Justus Perthes from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Johann Georg Justus Perthes (11 September 1749 – 2 May 1816) was a German publisher and founder of the publishing house that bears his name.

Life He was born in the Thuringian town of Rudolstadt, the son of a Schwarzburg court physician. From 1778 he worked as a bookseller in nearby Gotha, where he founded the cartographic publishing firm Justus Perthes Geographische Anstalt Gotha in 1785. In this, he was joined in 1814 by his son Wilhelm Perthes (1793–1853), who had been in the publishing house of Justus's nephew Friedrich Christoph Perthes at Hamburg. On Justus' death in Gotha, Wilhelm took over the firm and laid the foundation of the geographical branch of the business for which it is chiefly famous, by the first publishing of the Hand-Atlas from 1817–1823 after Adolf Stieler (1775–1836). Wilhelm Perthes engaged the collaboration of the most eminent German geographers of the time, including Stieler, Heinrich Berghaus (1797–1884), Christian Gottlieb Reichard (1758–1837), who was associated with Stieler in the compilation of the atlas, Karl Spruner (1803–1892), and Emil von Sydow (1812–1873). The business passed to his grandson Bernhardt Wilhelm Perthes (1821–1857), who was associated with August Heinrich Petermann under whose direction the well-known periodical Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen was first edited in 1855, and Bruno Hassenstein (1839–1902); and in the next generation to his son Bernhard Perthes (1858–1919), who was born after his father Bernhardt Wilhelm had died. Since 1785 the firm also issued the Almanach de Gotha, a statistical, historical and genealogical annual (in German and French) of the various countries of the world (first published by Carl Wilhelm Ettinger, Gotha, in 1763); and in 1866 the elaborate Geographisches Jahrbuch was produced under the editorship of Ernst Behm (1830–1884), on whose death it was continued under that of Professor Hermann Wagner.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Perthes, Johan Georg Justus". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 261–262.

External links

See an 1872 map by August Petermann, published by Justus Perthes, [Map of Texas, Indian Territory, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas] / bearbeitet v. H. Habenicht. hosted by the Portal to Texas History. The 1875 Stieler Hand-Atlas, and many other maps and atlases, are viewable online at DavidRumsey.com More information about the history and the current situation of the huge archive (map archive, bibliothèque) of 'Justus Perthes Geographische Anstalt Gotha' (including 'VEB Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt Gotha', publishing firm in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1955 to 1991, and 'Justus Perthes Geographische Verlagsanstalt Darmstadt', publishing firm in Darmstadt from 1953 to 1994), as well as about the current publishing house 'Ernst Klett Verlag GmbH, Zweigniederlassung Gotha, Programmbereich Klett-Perthes' available online at perthes.de (German language) More information about 'Almanach de Gotha' (English) online at perthes.de Archived 2008-08-03 at the Wayback Machine

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Justus Perthes

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Justus Perthes claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Justus Perthes before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Justus Perthes ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Justus Perthes

In research: Justus Perthes appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Justus Perthes in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Justus Perthes is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1749 births, 1816 deaths, 18th-century German publishers (people), so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Justus Perthes outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Justus Perthes in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Justus Perthes means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Justus Perthes out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Justus Perthes in simple terms?

Johann Georg Justus Perthes (11 September 1749 – 2 May 1816) was a German publisher and founder of the publishing house that bears his name. Life He was born in the Thuringian town of Rudolstadt, the son of a Schwarzburg court physician.

Why does Justus Perthes matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Justus Perthes?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Justus Perthes.