science

Kadem

Kadem is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Kadem rather than just read about it. In short: Kadem (also ayak آیاق) is a defunct measurement unit used in the Ottoman Empire. Kadem means "foot" and during the last years of the Ottoman Empire 1 kadem was set to be 30.48 cm (1.000 ft) in accordance with the British unit of length.

Key takeaways

Kadem belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Kadem to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Kadem from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Kadem (also ayak آیاق) is a defunct measurement unit used in the Ottoman Empire. Kadem means "foot" and during the last years of the Ottoman Empire 1 kadem was set to be 30.48 cm (1.000 ft) in accordance with the British unit of length. But before the reign of Ottoman Sultan Selim III (r. 1789–1807), kadem had a different definition. Its value was either 36.6666 cm. or 37.8869 cm. During the Atatürk's Reforms metric system was adopted in Turkey.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Kadem

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Kadem claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Kadem before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Kadem ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Kadem

In research: Kadem appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Kadem in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Kadem is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Human-based units of measurement, Ottoman units of measurement, Units of length, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Kadem outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Kadem in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Kadem means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Kadem out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Kadem in simple terms?

Why does Kadem matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Kadem?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Kadem.