science

Karl Maximovich

Karl Maximovich is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Karl Maximovich rather than just read about it. In short: Carl Johann Maximowicz, or Karl Ivanovich Maximovich (Russian: Карл Иванович Максимович; 23 November 1827 – 16 February 1891) was a Russian botanist. Maximovich spent most of his life studying the flora of the countries he had visited in the Far East, and naming many new species.

Key takeaways

Karl Maximovich belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Karl Maximovich to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Karl Maximovich from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Carl Johann Maximowicz, or Karl Ivanovich Maximovich (Russian: Карл Иванович Максимович; 23 November 1827 – 16 February 1891) was a Russian botanist. Maximovich spent most of his life studying the flora of the countries he had visited in the Far East, and naming many new species. He worked at the Saint Petersburg Botanical Gardens from 1852 as curator of the herbarium collection, becoming Director in 1869.

History Born a Baltic-German, his name at birth was Karl Ivanovich Maksimovich, but he changed it to the German version of his name for his scientific work. He graduated in biology from the Imperial University of Dorpat in 1850, he was a pupil of Alexander G. von Bunge. From 1853 to 1857 he traveled around the world. He travelled with another Baltic-German Leopold von Schrenck to the Amur region in eastern Asia. From 1859 to 1864 he also he visited China, Korea and Japan. He arrived in Japan in late 1860, initially basing his operations in Hakodate. He traveled extensively in southern Japan and for much of 1862 including the region of Yokohama and Mount Fuji, he ended that year in Nagasaki. He also explored much of Kyūshū. He was particularly involved with the flora of Japan, following the footsteps of notably Carl Peter Thunberg, and Philipp Franz von Siebold. His assistant in Japan was Sukawa Chonosuke, whose name was given by Maximovich to the flower Trillium tschonoskii. He also studied the flora of Tibet, concluding that it was chiefly composed of immigrants from Mongolia and the Himalaya. Commissioned by the Russian Academy of Sciences, he purchased from von Siebold's widow the set of eight volumes of the famous collection of Japanese botanical illustrations drawn by several Japanese artists. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1888.

Named in his honor Acer maximowiczianum: Nikko maple, China & Japan Atriplex maximowicziana: Maximovich's saltbush Betula maximowicziana: Monarch birch, Japan Crataegus maximowiczii Schneid. Kalopanax pictus var. maximowiczii: China, Manchuria, Korea, Japan 1865 Lilium leichtlinii Hooker f. var. maximowiczii (Regel) Baker: (also named after the German botanist Max Leichtlin) Picea maximowiczii: Maximovich spruce, Japan Populus maximowiczii: Maximovich' poplar Maximowicz's vole (Alexandromys maximowiczii) All pages with titles containing Maximowiczii for more species

Plants named by him Maximovich described and named over 2300 plants which were previously unknown to science.

Genus Circaeaster Maxim. – family Circaeasteraceae Acer argutum Maxim. Acer barbinerve Maxim. Acer capillipes Maxim. Acer miyabei Maxim. Acer mono Maxim. Acer nikoense Maxim. Acer tschonoskii Maxim. Berberis thunbergii Maxim. Buddleja alternifolia Maxim. Calanthe reflexa Maxim. Elaeagnus oldhamii Maxim. Goodyera macrantha Maxim. Juglans mandshurica Maxim. Liparis japonica Maxim. Magnolia stellata Maxim. Pedicularis artselaeri Maxim. – family Scrophulariaceae Platanthera hologlottis Maxim. Rhododendron schlippenbachii Maxim. Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. - Japan, Korea, northeastern China, and far-eastern Russia Tulotis ussuriensis (Maxim.) Hara Yoania japonica Maxim.

Selected works Rhamneae orientali-asiaticae (1866) Rhododendrae Asia Orientalis (1870) Monograph on genus Lespedeza (1873) Enumeratio plantarum hucusque in Mongolia : nec non adjacente parte Turkestaniae Sinensis lectarum (1889) Flora Tangutica : sive enumeratio plantarum regionis Tangut (AMDO) provinciae Kansu, nec non Tibetiae praesertim orientaliborealis atque tsaidam : ex collectionibus N.M. Przewalski atque G.N. Potanin (1889) Diagnoses plantarum novarum asiaticarum. VI Primitae Florae Amurensis (Flora of the Amur Region) in Bulletin de L'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg (1859).

References

External links Works by Karl Maximovich at the Biodiversity Heritage Library

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Karl Maximovich

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Karl Maximovich claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Karl Maximovich before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Karl Maximovich ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Karl Maximovich

In research: Karl Maximovich appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Karl Maximovich in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Karl Maximovich is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1827 births, 1891 deaths, 19th-century botanists from the Russian Empire, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Karl Maximovich outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Karl Maximovich in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Karl Maximovich means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Karl Maximovich out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Karl Maximovich in simple terms?

Why does Karl Maximovich matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Karl Maximovich?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Karl Maximovich.