chemistry

Kaushal Kishore (scientist)

Kaushal Kishore (scientist) is a chemistry topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Kaushal Kishore (scientist) rather than just read about it. In short: Kaushal Kishore (1942–1999) was an Indian polymer chemist and head of the department of inorganic and physical Chemistry at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc). He was known for his researches on thermochemistry and combustion of polymers. and was an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Indian National Science Academy, and the Indian Academy of Sciences.

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Reference excerpt

Kaushal Kishore (1942–1999) was an Indian polymer chemist and head of the department of inorganic and physical Chemistry at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc). He was known for his researches on thermochemistry and combustion of polymers. and was an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Indian National Science Academy, and the Indian Academy of Sciences. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1988, for his contributions to chemical sciences.

Biography

Kaushal Kishore, born on the last day of 1942 in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, did his graduate studies in chemistry at Lucknow University and obtained his master's degree from the same institution before enrolling for doctoral studies at Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University where he studied under the guidance of R. P. Rastogi to secure a PhD for his thesis on mechanism of combustion of non-hypergolic propellants. His career started at Gorakhpur University as a teaching faculty but he moved to the Indian Institute of Science in 1974 where he rose in ranks to head the department of inorganic and physical chemistry from 1994. His early researches were on thermochemistry and combustion of polymers with focus on the kinetics and thermodynamics of combustion, particularly with solid propellants. These researches assisted him in discovering autopyrolysis, a term he coined for a phenomenon related to accelerated combustion caused by polyperoxides, details of which he published in one of his articles. He was credited with developing Flammability Index, a dimensionless quantity to assess the flammability of combustible materials. He also worked on plasticization and his studies have assisted in widening the understanding of plasticizers and flame-retardants containing phosphorus. He published several articles in peer-reviewed journals and the online repository of the Indian Academy of Sciences has listed 165 of them. He was associated with the Journal of Applied Polymer Science as a member of their editorial board and sat on a number of councils and committees. Kishore lived in Bengaluru and it was here he died on 2 March 1999, the day of the Indian festival Holi, succumbing to a cardiac arrest at the age of 56.

Awards and honors The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded Kishore the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1988. He received the Indian Thermal Analysis Award of NICAR in 1991. The Indian Academy of Sciences elected him as their fellow in 1991 and the Indian National Science Academy followed suit in 1999. He was also a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India. He was also associated with Indian Thermal Analysis Society, Indian High Energy Materials Society, Indian Polymer Society and Materials Research Society of India as their Life Member.

Selected bibliography Palaninathan Kannan, Kaushal Kishore (March 1993). "New flame-retardant poly(pyromellitic imide aryl phosphoramide-ester)s". Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 206 (1): 63–68. doi:10.1002/apmc.1993.052060106. Gangadhara; Kishore, Kaushal (1995). "Synthesis and characterization of photo-crosslinkable main-chain liquid-crystalline polymers containing bis(benzylidene)cycloalkanone units". Polymer. 36 (9): 1903–1910. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(95)90938-X. Murthy, K. Shanmugananda; Ganesh, Kannan; Kishore, Kaushal (1996). "Poly(styrene disulfide) and poly(styrene tetrasulfide) as chain transfer agents in the radical polymerization of styrene". Polymer. 37 (24): 5541–5543. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(96)00463-6. Subramanian, K.; Kishore, K. (1997). "Application of polystyrene peroxide as a curative in coating and molding compositions". European Polymer Journal. 33 (8): 1365–1367. Bibcode:1997EurPJ..33.1365S. doi:10.1016/S0014-3057(96)00141-3. Jayaseharan, J.; Kishore, K. (1998). "Biomimetic aerobic polymerization of vinyl monomers". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 120 (4): 825–826. Bibcode:1998JAChS.120..825J. doi:10.1021/ja971335s. A. K. Nanda, K. Kishore (2002). "Synthesis, properties, and comparative analyses on the chain flexibility of an ultrastable vinyl polyperoxide". Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 86 (8): 2108–2114. doi:10.1002/app.11189.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Kaushal Kishore (scientist)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Kaushal Kishore (scientist) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In chemistry, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Kaushal Kishore (scientist) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Kaushal Kishore (scientist) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Kaushal Kishore (scientist)

In research: Kaushal Kishore (scientist) appears in chemistry research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Kaushal Kishore (scientist) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Kaushal Kishore (scientist) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1942 births, 1999 deaths, 20th-century Indian chemists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Kaushal Kishore (scientist) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

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Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

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