engineering

King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk)

King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) rather than just read about it. In short: The King John III Sobieski Monument (Polish: Pomnik króla Jana III Sobieskiego) is an equestrian statue of the King of Poland John III Sobieski (1629-1696). Originally built in Lviv in 1898, the monument was transferred to Gdańsk in 1965.

Key takeaways

King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The King John III Sobieski Monument (Polish: Pomnik króla Jana III Sobieskiego) is an equestrian statue of the King of Poland John III Sobieski (1629-1696). Originally built in Lviv in 1898, the monument was transferred to Gdańsk in 1965.

History

The monument was funded by the city of Lviv, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria (part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire). It was officially unveiled on 20 November 1898. The equestrian statue of the Polish king was designed by sculptor Tadeusz Barącz and cast in bronze by the Viennese company owned by Artur Krupp. The large Neo-Baroque pedestal of the monument made of grey Ternopil sandstone was created in Julian Markowski's sculpture studio in Lviv. The design of the king was modelled on a Lviv entrepreneur Marian Stipal. It was erected at a garden square along the Wały Hetmańskie Avenue (currently Freedom Avenue), one of the most representational pedestrian boulevards of the city. At present, a monument dedicated to Taras Shevchenko is located in that place. Sobieski, the only King of Poland hailing from the Lviv region (he was born in Olesko, frequently visited the town of Żółkiew and owned a royal townhouse in Lviv), was depicted in a festive national costume (wearing żupan and kontusz) jumping on horseback over a fallen enemy cannon and smashed remnants on the battlefield including a broken gun carriage. The figure of the king faced the south-eastern direction from where Lviv was frequently subjected to attacks by invading forces. Tadeusz Barącz's work stylistically resembles earlier depictions of the king, especially the statue in the Łazienki Park in Warsaw unveiled in 1787, in both cases the proportions of the horse and the rider seem to be questionable. When Lviv was re-captured by the USSR in 1944, a suggestion was put forward in order to remodel the statue to resemble Bohdan Khmelnytsky, the national hero of Ukraine. However, in 1950 the statue was handed over to Polish authorities. For 16 years, it was displayed in a park near the Wilanów Palace, one of the monarch's residences, before it was moved to Gdańsk. The city officials from Kraków and Wrocław were also interested in acquiring the monument but their bids to host it proved unsuccessful. The monument is located in one of the major parks of Gdańsk's Old Town, the Drzewny Targ (Wooden Market), and it was ceremonially unveiled on 26 June 1965. The king faces the western direction. The original plaque with the inscription Królowi Janowi III, miasto Lwów, MDCCCXCVIII ("To King John III, the City of Lviv, 1898") was fitted after 1989. In 2000, the monument became illuminated. The monument weighs approximately 7 tonnes and is over 8 metres high. In 2019, the city authorities announced plans to construct an illuminated fountain in front of the monument.

Gallery

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk)

In research: King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1898 establishments in Germany, 1898 sculptures, Bronze sculptures in Poland, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) in simple terms?

Why does King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk) matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk)?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on King John III Sobieski Monument (Gdańsk).