science

Kinh Dương Vương

Kinh Dương Vương is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Kinh Dương Vương rather than just read about it. In short: Kinh Dương Vương (chữ Hán: 涇陽王; "King of Kinh Dương") is a legendary king of the ancient Vietnamese, mentioned in the 15th-century work Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư by having unified all the tribes within his territory into one state, and as the founder of the Hồng Bàng dynasty. He is considered the first sovereign of the Vietnamese people.

Key takeaways

Kinh Dương Vương belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Kinh Dương Vương to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Kinh Dương Vương from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Kinh Dương Vương (chữ Hán: 涇陽王; "King of Kinh Dương") is a legendary king of the ancient Vietnamese, mentioned in the 15th-century work Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư by having unified all the tribes within his territory into one state, and as the founder of the Hồng Bàng dynasty. He is considered the first sovereign of the Vietnamese people. According to the 15th-century Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, he ruled over the state of Xích Quỷ (赤鬼國) starting in 2879 BC. Kinh Dương Vương's father was Đế Minh (帝明, "Emperor Ming" of Chinese and Vietnamese mythology), a descendant of Shennong (Thần Nông). Kinh Dương Vương is believed to having married Thần Long, the daughter of Động Đình Quân (洞庭君; "Lord of Dongting") and given birth to Lạc Long Quân. Today Kinh Dương Vương features with other ancient figures such as Thánh Gióng, Âu Cơ, Sơn Tinh and Thủy Tinh are a part of the elementary school texts. A popular shrine, and presumed tomb of Kinh Dương Vương, is located in the village of An Lữ, Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province.

Legends According to Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, a book written in a Confucian perspective, Kinh Dương Vương originates from China: Emperor Ming, the great-great-grandson of the mythological Chinese ruler Shennong, went on a tour of inspection south of the Nanling Mountains, settled down and married a certain Beautiful Immortal Lady (鶩僊女 Vụ Tiên Nữ), who then gave birth to an intelligent son named Lộc Tục (祿續). After Emperor Ming passed the throne to his eldest son, Emperor Ly(釐) to be king of the North, and Lộc Tục was appointed to be king of the South, his title Kinh Dương Vương (涇陽王). Kinh Duong Vuong was king and ruled from about 2879 BC onwards. The territory of the country under Kinh Dương Vương was claimed to be large, reaching Dongting Lake in the north, the Husunxing country (胡猻精; SV: Hồ Tôn Tinh) (i.e. Champa) in the south, the East Sea (東海, part of the Pacific Ocean) in the east and Ba Shu (巴蜀; now in today Sichuan, China) in the west. Lĩnh Nam chích quái recorded the legend that the king vigorously expelled a murderous god named Xương Cuồng. He married the daughter of the King of Động Đình (洞庭) Lake, named Thần Long (神龍 "Divine Dragon"), who gave birth to a son named Sùng Lãm (崇纜). Sùng Lãm would later succeed Kinh Dương Vương as ruler, titled Dragon Lord of Lạc (貉龍君; SV: Lạc Long Quân).

Worship

Worship of Kinh Dương Vương in Vietnam is not as popular as worship of Shennong, the deity who is Hùng Vương's ancestor and a very respected one in Vietnam's agricultural beliefs; Đàn Xã Tắc(壇社稷) was established annually by feudal dynasties to worship. Thượng Lãng communal house in Minh Hòa commune, Hưng Hà district, Thái Bình province is the oldest relic worshiping Kinh Dương Vương; Legend has it since the Đinh dynasty. The Kinh Dương Vương Mausoleum and Temple (locally called Lăng và Đền thờ) in Bắc Ninh have long been classified by the Vietnamese feudal dynasties as shrines to worship the emperors, each time the National Ceremony will bring to the army to worship and worship people solemnly. In 2013, Bắc Ninh province announced a plan to preserve, embellish and promote the population of national historical and cultural relics of Mausoleum and Kinh Dương Vương Temple with a total investment of more than 491 billion VND. The project is divided into 4 main construction categories, including: relic conservation space, focusing on repairing and embellishing the relics of the Mausoleum and Kinh Dương Vương Temple, temple grounds, tomb gardens; relic value space includes: ancestral monument, cultural festival square, cultural display...accompanied by ancillary services to develop spiritual cultural tourism, attracting tourists and technical infrastructure, leveling, roads, electricity lines. At present, the Kinh Duong Vuong tomb and temple relic is worshiped in Á Lữ village, Đại Đồng Thành commune, Thuận Thành district, Bắc Ninh province.

Other theories Many historical researchers suspected that Kinh Dương Vương was a legendary figure based on elements from the novella Story of Liu Yi (柳毅 SV: Liễu Nghị truyện). Historical researcher Trần Trọng Dương pointed out that:

The Kinh Dương Vương story has [signs of] being copied from the novella Story of Liu Yi (SV: Liễu Nghị truyện) by Li Chaowei (SV: Lý Triều Uy) composed in the Tang dynasty. The story can be summarized as follows: Liu Yi was a failed contestant; while on his way he met a beautiful young goatherdess with a worn-out appearance. The woman said that she was the daughter of the Dragon King in Dongting Lake (SV: Động Đình); she married the second son of [the Dragon Lord in] Jing River (SV: Kinh Xuyên), but was mistreated and was forced to herd goats; so she wanted Liu Yi to send a letter to [her] father and report her situation. Liu Yi brought the letter to the Dragon Palace. The [Dongting Lake's] Dragon King's younger brother, [the Dragon Lord in] Qiantang [river] (SV: Tiền Đường), was so angry that he killed the son of [the Dragon Lord in] Jing river, saved her, and intended to marry her to Liu Yi. Yi refused and just asked to [be allowed to] return [home]; and he was rewarded by the Dragon King with plenty of gold and silver and gems. Afterwards, Yi got married, yet every time he got married his wife would die. The daughter of the Dragon King, seeing that, recalled that their past fateful encounter. She wanted to repay him, so she turned herself into a beautiful lady and married Liu Yi as her husband. Afterwards, the couple became immortals. This view has been expressed by many Vietnamese historians since the 18th century: for example, Ngô Thì Sĩ in Prefatory Compilation to Đại Việt's Historical Records

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Kinh Dương Vương

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Kinh Dương Vương claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Kinh Dương Vương before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Kinh Dương Vương ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Kinh Dương Vương

In research: Kinh Dương Vương appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Kinh Dương Vương in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Kinh Dương Vương is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Ancient Vietnam, Founding monarchs in Asia, Legendary Vietnamese people, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Kinh Dương Vương outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Kinh Dương Vương in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Kinh Dương Vương means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Kinh Dương Vương out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Kinh Dương Vương in simple terms?

Why does Kinh Dương Vương matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Kinh Dương Vương?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Kinh Dương Vương.