astronomy

Kirovs Lipmans

Kirovs Lipmans is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Kirovs Lipmans rather than just read about it. In short: Kirovs Lipmans (born 5 November 1940) is a Jewish Latvian business person and former ice hockey executive. He served as president of the Latvian Ice Hockey Federation from 1994 to 1995, and from 1998 to 2016; was a member of the Latvian Olympic Committee executive, and sat on International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) committees.

Key takeaways

Kirovs Lipmans belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Kirovs Lipmans to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Kirovs Lipmans from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Kirovs Lipmans (born 5 November 1940) is a Jewish Latvian business person and former ice hockey executive. He served as president of the Latvian Ice Hockey Federation from 1994 to 1995, and from 1998 to 2016; was a member of the Latvian Olympic Committee executive, and sat on International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) committees. He oversaw the increase of artificial ice hockey rinks in Latvia from three to seventeen, and the Latvia men's national team qualify for the top tier of the World Championships then play in four consecutive Olympic hockey tournaments. Lipmans oversaw the construction of Arena Riga for the hosting the 2006 IIHF World Championship, and Latvia was awarded co-hosting duties for the 2021 IIHF World Championship at the end of his presidency. Lipmans in a native of Liepāja, graduated from the Leningrad Institute of Railway and Transport Engineering and the University of Latvia, and has worked as an economist. As chairman of the council of Grindeks since 2003, the company increased of annual profits from €10,000,000 in 2005 to €187,000,000 in 2021. He oversaw the construction of a production facility and laboratories, and transitioned Grindeks into a global company that exported 90 per cent of its products. He was made an Officer of the Order of the Three Stars for contributions to Latvia, and received the Paul Loicq Award from the IIHF for contributions to international ice hockey.

Early life and education Kirovs Lipmans was born on 5 November 1940 in Liepāja, Latvia, to parents Haim and Rose, and has Jewish Latvian descent. Lipmans has stated that his maternal family has lived in Aizpute for more than 250 years, and that a distant relative, Aaron Levi Lipman on his father's side was a court Jew to Ernst Johann von Biron, the Duke of Courland. Lipmans's father Haim was killed during the Holocaust in Latvia. Prior to the German occupation of Latvia during World War II, Kirovs and his mother evacuated to the Russian SFSR for the duration of the war. They were the only survivors of their family, whose property was confiscated. At age 15, Lipmans apprenticed as a repairman at the linoleum factory in Liepāja. Lipmans began school education in Liepāja, initially learning in the Latvian language. In second grade, he transferred to a Russian-language school. While attending school in Leningrad, he began playing football. He graduated from the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute in 1961, and the Leningrad Institute of Railway and Transport Engineering in 1975. Lipmans later stated in an interview to Santa magazine that just before enrolling in the Railway Institute, he was accepted into the Leningrad Circus School's clown course, but was forbidden to continue by his mother. He later worked for Valsts elektrotehniskā fabrika (VEF; State Electrotechnical Factory) as an economist, and as head of its computer base center. During the Singing Revolution, he was chairman of the co-operative VEF-Radio. He later graduated from the University of Latvia with an engineer economist degree.

Business career

Lipmans was president of Liepājas Metalurgs from 1996 to 2003, a metallurgy facility in Liepāja. He served as a deputy on the Liepāja City Council from 2000 to 2004, as a candidate of the Christian Democratic Union. He has been the chairman of the council of Grindeks since 2003, and also served as chairman of the councils of JSC Kalceks and JSC Tallinn pharmaceutical facilities, and as chairman of the board of Liplat Holdings Limited. As of 2015, he was co-chairman of the Latvia-Belarus Economic Co-operation Council. Lipmans purchased a controlling interest in Grindeks from 2005 to 2006, when the company had an annual profit of €10,000,000. Profits grew annually and by 2010, Latvian newspaper Ir reported him to be the second-richest person in the country. Annual profits for Grindeks had increased to €147,000,000 by 2018, and Lipmans had overseen the construction of a new production facility and laboratories. He transitioned Grindeks from having the majority of its sales in Commonwealth of Independent States countries, into a company with 90 per cent of its products exported and a presence in European, Asian and American markets. As of 2021, Lipmans and his son Filips owned 50.02 per cent of the company's shares and Grindeks had annual profits of €187,000,000. In May 2021, the Riga Regional Court fined them €1,900,000 for selling state-owned Grindeks shares in 2017, which Lipmans felt was politically motivated litigation.

Ice hockey career Lipmans served as president of the Latvian Ice Hockey Federation (LHF) from 1994 to 1995, and from 1998 to 2016; and was also a member of the Latvian Olympic Committee executive. He was appointed an advisor to International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) president René Fasel; and sat on the IIHF committees for strategy development, discipline and statutes. As the LHF president, he oversaw the Latvia men's national team improve from the third tier of the World Championships in 1993, to qualification for the top tier in 1997. The national team remained at the top tier during his tenure as president, and participated in four consecutive Olympic hockey tournaments from 2002 to 2014. Lipmans was also involved in operating professional hockey teams in Latvia, and served as president of HK Liepājas Metalurgs from 1996 to 2003. He was later a founding member of Dinamo Riga, and resigned from its council in 2008 to avoid a conflict of interest as the LHF president.

When Lipmans began as LHF president, Latvia had only three artificial ice hockey rinks of which two met IIHF standards. As of 2015, this number had grown to 17 artificial ice rinks. The LHF was awarded hosting duties for the 2006 IIHF World Championship, and Lipmans oversaw the construction of Arena Riga for the event. The 11,000-seat arena was a requirement for hosting the World Championship, and was delayed due to disagreements on the construction contract and finding an investor to fund the project. The Baltic Times reported that Lipmans was to blame for the delays, and that he was asked to resign due to a conflict of interest with owning shares in the arena's management company. The LHF also hosted lower division tournaments of the IIHF World Women's Championship in 2000, 2003, 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2014. At the end of his presidency, the LHF was awarded co-hosting duties with Belarus for the 2021 IIHF World Championship. Lipmans was succeeded by Aigars Kalvītis as the LHF president in October 2016.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Kirovs Lipmans

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Kirovs Lipmans claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Kirovs Lipmans before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Kirovs Lipmans ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Kirovs Lipmans

In research: Kirovs Lipmans appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Kirovs Lipmans in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Kirovs Lipmans is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1940 births, 20th-century Latvian businesspeople, 21st-century Latvian businesspeople, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Kirovs Lipmans outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Kirovs Lipmans in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Kirovs Lipmans means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Kirovs Lipmans out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Kirovs Lipmans in simple terms?

Why does Kirovs Lipmans matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Kirovs Lipmans?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Kirovs Lipmans.